Production of biologics in plants, or plant molecular pharming, is a promising protein expression technology that is receiving increasing attention from the pharmaceutical industry. Previously, low expression yields of recombinant proteins and the realization that certain post-translational modifications (PTMs) may not occur optimally limited the widespread acceptance of the technology. However, molecular engineering of the plant secretory pathway is now enabling the production of increasingly complex biomolecules using tailored protein-specific approaches to ensure their maturation. These involve the elimination of undesired processing events, and the introduction of heterologous biosynthetic machinery to support the production of specific target proteins. Here, we discuss recent advances in the production of pharmaceutical proteins in plants, which leverage the unique advantages of the technology.

在植物中生产生物制品，或植物分子制药，是一种有前途的蛋白质表达技术，越来越受到制药行业的关注。此前，重组蛋白的低表达产量以及某些翻译后修饰 (PTM) 可能无法最佳发生的认识限制了该技术的广泛接受。然而，植物分泌途径的分子工程现在能够使用定制的蛋白质特异性方法来生产日益复杂的生物分子，以确保其成熟。这些涉及消除不需要的加工事件，以及引入异源生物合成机制来支持特定靶蛋白的生产。在这里，我们讨论植物药用蛋白生产的最新进展，这些进展利用了该技术的独特优势。