Guided inquiry is the practice of allowing students to come to their own conclusions about a set of data instead of verifying a known result using a given experimental procedure. Open inquiry takes this idea one step further by allowing students to develop their own experiment and then analyze the data to arrive at a conclusion. To expose upper level undergraduate students to the concepts of experimental development and the research thought process, a safe but thought provoking and relevant set of experiments was developed, combining guided inquiry and open inquiry teaching methods. Two guided inquiry experiments have the students quantify the amount and types of sugars present in fresh milk, spoiling milk, and lactase-treated milk using DNS reagent (dinitrosalicylic acid) which detects all reducing sugars and a glucose oxidase–peroxidase assay to determine glucose only. This leads into open inquiry experiments where the students develop their own hypothesis and test various aspects of the chemistry of the lactase enzyme, the chemistry of milk spoilage, and other means to determine the content of sugars in milk. Some of the more common student derived experiments are presented such as using different sugar standards in the DNS assay and testing the activity of lactase at different temperatures and pH.

中文翻译：

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上级生化实验室联合指导和开放式咨询项目：糖含量，乳糖酶的酶学性质和牛奶中的变质过程

指导性探究是一种实践，它允许学生得出关于一组数据的自己的结论，而不是使用给定的实验程序来验证已知结果。开放式探究使学生可以发展自己的实验，然后分析数据得出结论，从而使这一想法更进一步。为了使高年级的本科生了解实验发展和研究思维过程的概念，结合了指导性探究和开放式探究教学方法，开发了一种安全但又能激发思想的实验和相关的实验。通过两个引导性探究实验，学生可以量化鲜牛奶，变质牛奶，以及使用DNS试剂（二硝基水杨酸）处理乳糖酶的牛奶，该试剂可检测所有还原糖，并通过葡萄糖氧化酶-过氧化物酶测定法仅测定葡萄糖。这导致了公开的探究实验，学生将建立自己的假设并测试乳糖酶化学，牛奶变质的化学以及确定牛奶中糖分含量的其他方法的各个方面。提出了一些更常见的学生衍生实验，例如在DNS分析中使用不同的糖标准，并在不同的温度和pH下测试乳糖酶的活性。和其他方法来确定牛奶中糖的含量。提出了一些更常见的学生衍生实验，例如在DNS分析中使用不同的糖标准，并在不同的温度和pH下测试乳糖酶的活性。和其他方法来确定牛奶中糖的含量。提出了一些更常见的学生衍生实验，例如在DNS分析中使用不同的糖标准，并在不同的温度和pH下测试乳糖酶的活性。