Recently, relationship between gut microbiota composition and development of obesity has been pointed. However, the gut microbiota composition of individual with obesity is not known yet. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to evaluate differences in profile of gut microbiota between individuals with obesity and individuals with normal weight. A search performed on August 2019 in the databases Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane library, Lilacs and gray literature using the terms: “microbiota”, “microbiome”, “obesity”, “obesity morbid”, and “humans”. Studies assessing the gut microbiota composition in adults with obesity and lean were included. Quality assessment was performed by Newcastle–Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Of the 12,496 studies, 32 were eligible and included in this review. Individuals with obesity have a greater Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, Proteobacteria, Mollicutes, Lactobacillus (reuteri), and less Verrucomicrobia (Akkermansia muciniphila), Faecalibacterium (prausnitzii), Bacteroidetes, Methanobrevibacter smithii, Lactobacillus plantarum and paracasei. In addition, some bacteria had positive correlation and others negative correlation with obesity. Individuals with obesity showed profile of gut microbiota different than individual lean. These results may help in advances of the diagnosis and treatment of obesity.

最近，已经指出了肠道微生物群组成与肥胖症发展之间的关系。然而，肥胖个体的肠道菌群组成尚不清楚。因此，本系统综述旨在评估肥胖个体与体重正常个体之间肠道菌群分布的差异。2019年8月在数据库Pubmed，Scopus，Web of Science，Cochrane图书馆，丁香花和灰色文献数据库中使用以下术语进行了搜索：“微生物群”，“微生物组”，“肥胖症”，“肥胖病态”和“人类”。包括评估肥胖和瘦弱成年人的肠道菌群组成的研究。质量评估通过纽卡斯尔-渥太华质量评估量表进行。在12496项研究中，有32项符合条件并被纳入本评价。肥胖个体有更大的厚壁菌门/拟杆菌比率，厚壁菌门，Fusobacteria，变形菌，柔膜，乳杆菌属（罗伊氏），和少疣微菌门（Akkermansia muciniphila），Faecalibacterium（prausnitzii），拟杆菌，史氏甲烷短杆菌，植物乳杆菌和副干酪。另外，某些细菌与肥胖呈正相关，而其他细菌与肥胖呈负相关。肥胖个体显示出肠道微生物群的轮廓与个体瘦肉不同。这些结果可能有助于肥胖的诊断和治疗。