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Characterisation of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Disease in Pastoralist Flocks in Ngorongoro District of Northern Tanzania and Bluetongue Virus Co-Infection.
Viruses ( IF 5.818 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-31 , DOI: 10.3390/v12040389
Bryony Anne Jones 1 , Mana Mahapatra 2 , Chobi Chubwa 3 , Brian Clarke 2 , Carrie Batten 2 , Hayley Hicks 2 , Mark Henstock 2 , Julius Keyyu 4 , Richard Kock 1 , Satya Parida 2
Affiliation  

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) disease was first confirmed in Tanzania in 2008 in sheep and goats in Ngorongoro District, northern Tanzania, and is now endemic in this area. This study aimed to characterise PPR disease in pastoralist small ruminant flocks in Ngorongoro District. During June 2015, 33 PPR-like disease reports were investigated in different parts of the district, using semi-structured interviews, clinical examinations, PPR virus rapid detection test (PPRV-RDT), and laboratory analysis. Ten flocks were confirmed as PPRV infected by PPRV-RDT and/or real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and two flocks were co-infected with bluetongue virus (BTV), confirmed by RT-qPCR. Phylogenetic analysis of six partial N gene sequences showed that the PPR viruses clustered with recent lineage III Tanzanian viruses, and grouped with Ugandan, Kenyan and Democratic Republic of Congo isolates. No PPR-like disease was reported in wildlife. There was considerable variation in clinical syndromes between flocks: some showed a full range of PPR signs, while others were predominantly respiratory, diarrhoea, or oro-nasal syndromes, which were associated with different local disease names (olodua-a term for rinderpest, olkipiei-lung disease, oloirobi-fever, enkorotik-diarrhoea). BTV co-infection was associated with severe oro-nasal lesions. This clinical variability makes the field diagnosis of PPR challenging, highlighting the importance of access to pen-side antigen tests and multiplex assays to support improved surveillance and targeting of control activities for PPR eradication.

中文翻译:

坦桑尼亚北部恩戈罗恩戈罗地区牧民畜群中小反刍兽疫的特征和蓝舌病毒合并感染。

小反刍兽疫 (PPR) 病于 2008 年首次在坦桑尼亚北部恩戈罗恩戈罗区的绵羊和山羊身上得到证实,目前正在该地区流行。本研究旨在描述恩戈罗恩戈罗地区牧民小型反刍动物群中小反刍兽疫的特征。2015年6月,在全区不同地区调查了33起类似小反刍兽疫的报告,采用半结构式访谈、临床检查、小反刍兽疫病毒快速检测试验(PPRV-RDT)和实验室分析等方法。10 个鸡群被 PPRV-RDT 和/或实时逆转录-聚合酶链反应 (RT-qPCR) 确认为 PPRV 感染,两个鸡群被蓝舌病毒 (BTV) 共同感染,经 RT-qPCR 确认。六个部分 N 基因序列的系统发育分析表明,PPR 病毒与最近的谱系 III 坦桑尼亚病毒聚类,并与乌干达、肯尼亚和刚果民主共和国分离株分组。野生动物中未报告小反刍兽疫样疾病。不同鸡群的临床症状存在相当大的差异:一些表现出各种 PPR 体征,而另一些则主要是呼吸道、腹泻或口鼻综合征,这些症状与不同的当地疾病名称相关(olodua - 牛瘟的术语,olkipiei -肺病、oloirobi-热、enkorotik-腹泻)。BTV 合并感染与严重的口鼻病变有关。这种临床变异性使得 PPR 的现场诊断具有挑战性,突出了获得笔侧抗原检测和多重检测以支持改进监测和针对根除 PPR 的控制活动的重要性。野生动物中未报告小反刍兽疫样疾病。不同鸡群的临床症状存在相当大的差异:一些表现出各种 PPR 体征,而另一些则主要是呼吸道、腹泻或口鼻综合征,这些症状与不同的当地疾病名称相关(olodua - 牛瘟的术语,olkipiei -肺病、oloirobi-热、enkorotik-腹泻)。BTV 合并感染与严重的口鼻病变有关。这种临床变异性使得 PPR 的现场诊断具有挑战性,突出了获得笔侧抗原检测和多重检测以支持改进监测和针对根除 PPR 的控制活动的重要性。野生动物中未报告小反刍兽疫样疾病。不同鸡群的临床症状存在相当大的差异:一些表现出各种 PPR 体征,而另一些则主要是呼吸道、腹泻或口鼻综合征,这些症状与不同的当地疾病名称相关(olodua - 牛瘟的术语,olkipiei -肺病、oloirobi-热、enkorotik-腹泻)。BTV 合并感染与严重的口鼻病变有关。这种临床变异性使得 PPR 的现场诊断具有挑战性,突出了获得笔侧抗原检测和多重检测以支持改进监测和针对根除 PPR 的控制活动的重要性。而其他主要是呼吸系统、腹泻或口鼻综合症,它们与不同的地方疾病名称相关(olodua - 牛瘟的术语,olkipiei - 肺病,oloirobi - 热,enkorotik - 腹泻)。BTV 合并感染与严重的口鼻病变有关。这种临床变异性使得 PPR 的现场诊断具有挑战性,突出了获得笔侧抗原检测和多重检测以支持改进监测和针对根除 PPR 的控制活动的重要性。而其他主要是呼吸系统、腹泻或口鼻综合症,它们与不同的地方疾病名称相关(olodua - 牛瘟的术语,olkipiei - 肺病,oloirobi - 热,enkorotik - 腹泻)。BTV 合并感染与严重的口鼻病变有关。这种临床变异性使得 PPR 的现场诊断具有挑战性,突出了获得笔侧抗原检测和多重检测以支持改进监测和针对根除 PPR 的控制活动的重要性。
更新日期:2020-04-20
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