Abstract Combined heat and power (CHP) is used around the world to enhance energy efficiency. The power load and heating loads are coupled in CHP units. Therefore, heat-power decoupling is essential for CHP units because it serves as the balancing power units to accommodate intermittent renewable power. Heat storage is an effective way to enhance CHP station flexibility. Considering the detail energy consumption characteristics of CHP units, this study investigated how to operate the CHP station, which is composed of multiple parallel CHP units and a thermocline heat storage tank, under constrained heating and power loads. Operation optimization models were developed, and particle swarm optimization was applied. Then, a case study was carried out. The minimum adjustable power load of the CHP unit is decreased by 12% through integrating heat storage when the heating load is 300 MW. The operation of the thermocline storage tank and CHP units could be scheduled globally with the developed optimization models. The total coal consumption could be decreased by 10.27 tons for the analyzed typical day, and the average standard coal consumption rate for power generation reduces by 1.16 g·kW−1h−1. Additional ~133 kUSD per heating period can be saved.

中文翻译：

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多台热电联产机组加温跃层储热罐组成的大型热电联产站运行优化

摘要 热电联产 (CHP) 在世界范围内被用于提高能源效率。电力负载和加热负载耦合在 CHP 装置中。因此，热电联产对于热电联产机组来说是必不可少的，因为它作为平衡动力单元来适应间歇性可再生能源。蓄热是提高热电联产站灵活性的有效方式。考虑到热电联产机组的详细能耗特点，本研究研究了在热电负荷受限的情况下如何运行由多台热电联产机组和一个温跃层储热罐组成的热电联产站。开发了操作优化​​模型，并应用了粒子群优化。然后，进行了案例研究。当供热负荷为300 MW时，通过集成蓄热，热电联产机组的最小可调功率负荷降低12%。可以使用开发的优化模型在全球范围内安排温跃层储罐和 CHP 装置的运行。分析典型日煤耗总量可减少10.27吨，发电平均标准煤耗降低1.16 g·kW-1h-1。每个加热期可额外节省约 133 kUSD。