Multi-electron coincidence measurements have been performed at the photon energies for the core-to-valence (1s → π^*) and core-to-Rydberg (1s → 3sσ and 3pπ) resonant excitations in N₂ in order to investigate the dynamics of multiple Auger-electron emissions from these core-excited states in detail. Peaks due to slow electrons from superexcited atomic fragments are observed in the decay processes by emission of two or three Auger electrons, indicating stepwise (cascade) multiple Auger decays that involve faster dissociations than electronic relaxations. Energy partitions between the emitted electrons enable us to reveal the detailed decay mechanisms for these processes. Branching ratios among the decays by emission of one, two, or three Auger electrons and those between the simultaneous (direct) and stepwise (cascade) processes have been determined for each of the core-excited states. Branching ratios of decay channels resulting in molecular or fragment ions have also been substantiated.

中文翻译：

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N2中核心激发态的多个俄歇衰变

在N _2中，对于核-价（1s→π ^*）和核-里德堡（1s→3sσ和3pπ）共振激发，已经在光子能量下进行了多电子符合测量。为了详细研究来自这些核心激发态的多个俄歇电子发射的动力学。在衰变过程中，通过发射两个或三个俄歇电子，观察到由于来自超激发原子碎片的缓慢电子而产生的峰值，表明逐步（级联）多个俄歇衰变涉及比电子弛豫更快的离解。发射电子之间的能量分配使我们能够揭示这些过程的详细衰减机理。对于每个核心激发态，已经确定了通过发射一个，两个或三个俄歇电子而引起的衰变之间的分支比，以及在同时（直接）过程和逐步（级联）过程之间的衰变中的分支比率。导致分子离子或碎片离子的衰变通道的分支比也得到了证实。