Edge intelligence refers to a set of connected systems and devices for data collection, caching, processing, and analysis in locations close to where data is captured based on artificial intelligence. The aim of edge intelligence is to enhance the quality and speed of data processing and protect the privacy and security of the data. Although recently emerged, spanning the period from 2011 to now, this field of research has shown explosive growth over the past five years. In this paper, we present a thorough and comprehensive survey on the literature surrounding edge intelligence. We first identify four fundamental components of edge intelligence, namely edge caching, edge training, edge inference, and edge offloading, based on theoretical and practical results pertaining to proposed and deployed systems. We then aim for a systematic classification of the state of the solutions by examining research results and observations for each of the four components and present a taxonomy that includes practical problems, adopted techniques, and application goals. For each category, we elaborate, compare and analyse the literature from the perspectives of adopted techniques, objectives, performance, advantages and drawbacks, etc. This survey article provides a comprehensive introduction to edge intelligence and its application areas. In addition, we summarise the development of the emerging research field and the current state-of-the-art and discuss the important open issues and possible theoretical and technical solutions.

中文翻译：

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边缘智能：架构、挑战和应用

边缘智能是指一组连接的系统和设备，用于基于人工智能在靠近数据捕获位置的位置进行数据收集、缓存、处理和分析。边缘智能的目标是提高数据处理的质量和速度，保护数据的隐私和安全。尽管最近才出现，从 2011 年到现在，这个研究领域在过去五年中呈现出爆炸性的增长。在本文中，我们对围绕边缘智能的文献进行了彻底而全面的调查。我们首先根据与提议和部署的系统有关的理论和实践结果，确定边缘智能的四个基本组成部分，即边缘缓存、边缘训练、边缘推理和边缘卸载。然后，我们通过检查四个组件中每一个的研究结果和观察结果，对解决方案的状态进行系统分类，并提出一个分类法，其中包括实际问题、采用的技术和应用目标。对于每个类别，我们从采用的技术、目标、性能、优缺点等角度对文献进行阐述、比较和分析。这篇综述文章全面介绍了边缘智能及其应用领域。此外，我们总结了新兴研究领域的发展和当前的最新技术，并讨论了重要的开放性问题和可能的理论和技术解决方案。从采用的技术、目标、性能、优缺点等角度对文献进行比较和分析。这篇综述文章全面介绍了边缘智能及其应用领域。此外，我们总结了新兴研究领域的发展和当前的最新技术，并讨论了重要的开放性问题和可能的理论和技术解决方案。从采用的技术、目标、性能、优缺点等角度对文献进行比较和分析。这篇综述文章全面介绍了边缘智能及其应用领域。此外，我们总结了新兴研究领域的发展和当前的最新技术，并讨论了重要的开放性问题和可能的理论和技术解决方案。