The tick‐borne pathogen Anaplasma phagocytophilum is an emerging infectious disease threat, but the overall A. phagocytophilum seroprevalence in humans is unclear. We performed a systematic search of English databases for literature published from 1994 to 2018. Studies reporting serological evidence of A. phagocytophilum infection in humans were included, and the information was extracted by two authors independently. As the study heterogeneity was significant, a random‐effects model was used to calculate the overall pooled seroprevalence. Data from 56 studies involving 28,927 individuals from four continents were included. The seroprevalence reported by the studies ranged from 0% to 37.26%. The overall pooled A. phagocytophilum seroprevalence in humans was 8.4% (95% CI: 6.6%–10.4%). The seroprevalence was highest in high‐risk population (13.8%) and lowest in healthy population (5.0%). The estimated A. phagocytophilum seroprevalence of febrile patient, tick‐bitten and tick‐borne diseases populations was 6.4%, 8.0% and 9.0%, respectively. This meta‐analysis demonstrated first A. phagocytophilum seroprevalence estimates in different populations (healthy, febrile patient, high‐risk, tick‐bitten and tick‐borne diseases populations); it seems likely that present surveillance efforts are missing mild or asymptomatic infections of humans.

中文翻译：

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全球人群中嗜吞噬细胞无形体的血清流行率：系统评价和荟萃分析

蜱传病原体嗜吞噬细胞无形体是一种新出现的传染病威胁，但人类中嗜吞噬细胞无形体的总体血清阳性率尚不清楚。我们对 1994 年至 2018 年发表的文献进行了系统检索。其中包括报告人类嗜吞噬细胞球菌感染的血清学证据的研究，这些信息由两位作者独立提取。由于研究异质性显着，因此使用随机效应模型来计算总体汇总血清阳性率。纳入了 56 项研究的数据，涉及来自四大洲的 28,927 名个体。研究报告的血清阳性率范围为 0% 至 37.26%。人类中嗜吞噬细胞放线菌的总体血清阳性率为 8.4%（95% CI：6.6%–10.4%）。高危人群血清阳性率最高（13.8%），健康人群血清阳性率最低（5.0%）。发热患者、蜱虫叮咬和蜱传疾病人群中估计的嗜吞噬细胞放线菌血清阳性率分别为 6.4%、8.0% 和 9.0%。这项荟萃分析首先证明了不同人群（健康、发热患者、高危、蜱虫叮咬和蜱传疾病人群）中嗜吞噬细胞杆菌血清阳性率的估计；目前的监测工作似乎可能遗漏了人类的轻度或无症状感染。