Recently, halobenzoquinones (HBQs) disinfection byproducts, including 2,6‐dichloro‐1, 4‐benzoquinone (DCBQ), 2,6‐dichloro‐3‐methyl‐1, 4‐benzoquinone (DCMBQ), 2,3,6‐trichloro‐1, 4‐benzoquinone (TCBQ), and 2,6‐dibromobenzoquinone (DBBQ), have been of increasing concern due to their reported ability to induce oxidative damage, and thus genotoxicity. However, data on the risk of genotoxicity due to chromosomal damage by HBQs are still scarce. Here, the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of the four HBQs were assessed using human cell lines (bladder cancer 5637 cells, colon carcinoma Caco‐2 cells, and gastric MGC‐803 cells). The four HBQs exhibited significant concentration‐response relationships in all the three cell lines. Cytotoxicity of DCBQ, DCMBQ, TCBQ, and DBBQ, represented by the 50% concentration of inhibition (IC₅₀) values, were 80.8–99.5, 41.0–57.6, 122.1–146.6, and 86.9–93.8 μM, respectively. The lowest effective concentrations for cellular micronuclei induction in the cell lines by DCBQ, DCMBQ, TCBQ, and DBBQ were 50–75, 20–41.5, 87.4–100, and 50 μM, respectively. 5637 and Caco‐2 cells were more sensitive to the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of HBQs than MGC‐803 cells. These results show that HBQs can induce chromosomal damage; DCMBQ induced the highest cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in all the cell lines, and TCBQ caused the least toxicity.

中文翻译：

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使用不同的人类细胞系进行卤代苯醌消毒副产物的细胞毒性和遗传毒性测定。

最近，卤代苯醌（HBQs）消毒副产物包括2,6-二氯-1、4-苯醌（DCBQ），2,6-二氯-3-甲基-1、4-苯醌（DCMBQ），2,3,6-由于三氯-1、4-苯醌（TCBQ）和2,6-二溴苯醌（DBBQ）引起氧化损伤并因此具有遗传毒性，因此受到越来越多的关注。但是，关于HBQ对染色体造成的遗传毒性风险的数据仍然很少。在这里，使用人类细胞系（膀胱癌5637细胞，结肠癌Caco-2细胞和胃MGC-803细胞）评估了四个HBQ的细胞毒性和遗传毒性。四个HBQ在所有三个细胞系中均表现出显着的浓度-反应关系。DCBQ，DCMBQ，TCBQ和DBBQ的细胞毒性，以50％的抑制浓度表示（IC ₅₀）值分别为80.8–99.5、41.0–57.6、122.1–146.6和86.9–93.8μM。DCBQ，DCMBQ，TCBQ和DBBQ在细胞系中诱导细胞微核的最低有效浓度分别为50-75、20-41.5、87.4-100和50μM。与MGC-803细胞相比，5637和Caco-2细胞对HBQ的细胞毒性和遗传毒性作用更为敏感。这些结果表明HBQs可以诱导染色体损伤。DCMBQ诱导了所有细胞系中最高的细胞毒性和遗传毒性，而TCBQ引起的毒性最小。