Risk practices for bovine tuberculosis transmission to cattle and livestock farming communities living at wildlife-livestock-human interface in northern KwaZulu Natal, South Africa.,PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases

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Risk practices for bovine tuberculosis transmission to cattle and livestock farming communities living at wildlife-livestock-human interface in northern KwaZulu Natal, South Africa.
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-30 , DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007618
Petronillah Rudo Sichewo _{1,

2} , Catiane Vander Kelen ₃ , Séverine Thys ₄ , Anita Luise Michel _{1,

5}

Affiliation

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a disease of cattle that is transmitted through direct contact with an infected animal or ingestion of contaminated food or water. This study seeks to explore the local knowledge on bTB, obtain information on social and cultural practices regarding risk of bTB transmission to cattle and humans (zoonotic TB) in a traditional livestock farming community with a history of bTB diagnosis in cattle and wildlife. Information was collected using a qualitative approach of Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) targeting household members of livestock farmers that owned bTB tested herds. We conducted fourteen FGDs (150 individuals) across four dip tanks that included the following categories of participants from cattle owning households: head of households, herdsmen, dip tank committee members and women. The qualitative data was managed using NVivo Version 12 Pro software. Social and cultural practices were identified as major risky practices for bTB transmission to people, such as the consumption of undercooked meat, consumption of soured /raw milk and lack of protective measures during slaughtering of cattle. The acceptance of animals into a herd without bTB pre-movement testing following traditional practices (e.g. lobola, 'bride price', the temporary introduction of a bull for 'breeding'), the sharing of grazing and watering points amongst the herds and with wildlife were identified as risky practices for M. bovis infection transmission to cattle. Overall, knowledge of bTB in cattle and modes of transmission to people and livestock was found to be high. However, the community was still involved in risky practices that expose people and cattle to bovine TB. An inter-disciplinary 'One Health' approach that engages the community is recommended, to provide locally relevant interventions that allows the community to keep their traditional practices and socio-economic systems whilst avoiding disease transmission to cattle and people.

中文翻译：

牛结核病向生活在南非夸祖鲁纳塔尔省北部野生动物-牲畜-人类交界处的牛和畜牧业社区传播的风险做法。

牛结核病（bTB）是一种牛的疾病，通过直接接触受感染的动物或摄入受污染的食物或水传播。本研究旨在探索当地关于 bTB 的知识，获取有关在有牛和野生动物 bTB 诊断历史的传统畜牧业社区中 bTB 传播给牛和人类（人畜共患结核病）风险的社会和文化实践信息。使用焦点小组讨论 (FGD) 的定性方法收集信息，该方法针对拥有 bTB 测试牛群的畜牧农民的家庭成员。我们在四个浸泡池中进行了 14 次 FGD（150 人），其中包括来自养牛家庭的以下几类参与者：户主、牧民、浸泡池委员会成员和妇女。定性数据使用 NVivo Version 12 Pro 软件进行管理。社会和文化习俗被认为是导致人类结核病传播的主要风险做法，例如食用未煮熟的肉、食用变酸/生牛奶以及屠宰牛时缺乏保护措施。按照传统做法（例如 lobola，“彩礼”，临时引入公牛进行“繁殖”），在没有进行 bTB 迁移前测试的情况下将动物纳入牛群，在牛群之间以及与野生动物共享放牧和饮水点被确定为牛分枝杆菌感染传播给牛的危险做法。总体而言，人们对牛的 bTB 及其向人和牲畜传播的方式了解较多。然而，该社区仍然参与了使人和牛接触牛结核病的危险做法。建议采取一种让社区参与的跨学科“同一个健康”方法，提供与当地相关的干预措施，使社区能够保留其传统做法和社会经济体系，同时避免疾病传播给牛和人。

更新日期：2020-03-30

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