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Tumor cells suppress radiation-induced immunity by hijacking caspase 9 signaling.
Nature Immunology ( IF 27.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-30 , DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-0641-5
Chuanhui Han 1 , Zhida Liu 1 , Yunjia Zhang 2 , Aijun Shen 1 , Chunbo Dong 1 , Anli Zhang 1 , Casey Moore 1, 3 , Zhenhua Ren 1 , Changzheng Lu 1 , Xuezhi Cao 1 , Chun-Li Zhang 2 , Jian Qiao 1 , Yang-Xin Fu 1, 3
Affiliation  

High-dose radiation activates caspases in tumor cells to produce abundant DNA fragments for DNA sensing in antigen-presenting cells, but the intrinsic DNA sensing in tumor cells after radiation is rather limited. Here we demonstrate that irradiated tumor cells hijack caspase 9 signaling to suppress intrinsic DNA sensing. Instead of apoptotic genomic DNA, tumor-derived mitochondrial DNA triggers intrinsic DNA sensing. Specifically, loss of mitochondrial DNA sensing in Casp9-/- tumors abolishes the enhanced therapeutic effect of radiation. We demonstrated that combining emricasan, a pan-caspase inhibitor, with radiation generates synergistic therapeutic effects. Moreover, loss of CASP9 signaling in tumor cells led to adaptive resistance by upregulating programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and resulted in tumor relapse. Additional anti-PD-L1 blockade can further overcome this acquired immune resistance. Therefore, combining radiation with a caspase inhibitor and anti-PD-L1 can effectively control tumors by sequentially blocking both intrinsic and extrinsic inhibitory signaling.

中文翻译:

肿瘤细胞通过劫持 caspase 9 信号来抑制辐射诱导的免疫。

高剂量辐射激活肿瘤细胞中的半胱天冬酶,产生丰富的 DNA 片段,用于抗原呈递细胞中的 DNA 传感,但辐射后肿瘤细胞中固有的 DNA 传感相当有限。在这里,我们证明受照射的肿瘤细胞劫持 caspase 9 信号以抑制内在 DNA 感应。肿瘤来源的线粒体 DNA 不是凋亡基因组 DNA,而是触发内在 DNA 感应。具体而言,Casp9-/- 肿瘤中线粒体 DNA 感应的丧失消除了辐射增强的治疗效果。我们证明,将泛半胱天冬酶抑制剂 emricasan 与放射结合会产生协同治疗效果。此外,肿瘤细胞中 CASP9 信号传导的丧失通过上调程序性死亡配体 1 (PD-L1) 导致适应性抗性,并导致肿瘤复发。额外的抗 PD-L1 阻断可以进一步克服这种获得性免疫抗性。因此,将放射线与半胱天冬酶抑制剂和抗 PD-L1 相结合可以通过依次阻断内在和外在抑制信号传导来有效控制肿瘤。
更新日期:2020-04-24
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