Differences in the composition and the structural organisation of the extracellular matrix correlate with the morphogenic competence of the callus tissue that originated from the isolated endosperm of kiwifruit. The chemical composition and structural organisation of the extracellular matrix, including the cell wall and the layer on its surface, may correspond with the morphogenic competence of a tissue. In the presented study, this relationship was found in the callus tissue that had been differentiated from the isolated endosperm of the kiwiberry, Actinidia arguta. The experimental system was based on callus samples of exactly the same age that had originated from an isolated endosperm but were cultured under controlled conditions promoting either an organogenic or a non-organogenic pathway. The analyses which were performed using bright field, fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy techniques showed significant differences between the two types of calli. The organogenic tissue was compact and the outer walls of the peripheral cells were covered with granular structures. The non-organogenic tissue was composed of loosely attached cells, which were connected via a net-like structure. The extracellular matrices from both the non- and organogenic tissues were abundant in pectic homogalacturonan and extensins (LM19, LM20, JIM11, JIM12 and JIM20 epitopes), but the epitopes that are characteristic for rhamnogalacturonan I (LM5 and LM6), hemicellulose (LM25) and the arabinogalactan protein (LM2) were detected only in the non-organogenic callus. Moreover, we report the epitopes, which presence is characteristic for the Actinidia endosperm (LM21 and LM25, heteromannan and xyloglucan) and for the endosperm-derived cells that undergo dedifferentiation (loss of LM21 and LM25; appearance or increase in the content of LM5, LM6, LM19, JIM11, JIM12, JIM20, JIM8 and JIM16 epitopes).

中文翻译：

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猕猴桃的有机和非有机愈伤组织的细胞外基质和细胞壁组成是多种多样的。

细胞外基质的组成和结构组织的差异与源自奇异果分离胚乳的愈伤组织的形态发生能力相关。细胞外基质的化学成分和结构组织，包括细胞壁和其表面的层，可能与组织的形态发生能力相对应。在本研究中，这种关系存在于与奇异果猕猴桃的分离胚乳不同的愈伤组织中。该实验系统基于来自分离胚乳但在促进有机或非有机途径的受控条件下培养的完全相同年龄的愈伤组织样本。使用明场进行的分析，荧光和扫描电子显微镜技术显示两种愈伤组织之间存在显着差异。器官组织致密，外周细胞外壁覆盖有颗粒状结构。非器官组织由松散附着的细胞组成，这些细胞通过网状结构连接。来自非和器官组织的细胞外基质在果胶高半乳糖醛酸和延伸蛋白（LM19、LM20、JIM11、JIM12 和 JIM20 表位）中含量丰富，但鼠李糖半乳糖醛酸 I（LM5 和 LM6）、半纤维素（LM25）的特征性表位阿拉伯半乳聚糖蛋白 (LM2) 仅在非器官性愈伤组织中检测到。此外，我们报告了猕猴桃胚乳（LM21 和 LM25，