Few phrases evoke more negative emotion, or generate more media coverage, than ‘shark attack’ despite the few deaths that have been attributed to shark bite. Typically, tabloids are considered to provide more sensational coverage than broadsheets. We investigated how sharks and shark–human interactions were portrayed in four major Australian newspapers during a period of a record number of shark attacks in Australian waters. There was strong focus on human risk from sharks, and over-reportage of negative aspects. Thirty incidents were recorded: two fatal, 20 injury, and eight ‘near-miss’. Of 309 ‘shark’ articles surveyed, 24% mentioned fatalities (65% occurred prior to the study, some decades earlier). Injury was reported in 40% of articles, and ‘near-miss’ in 33% (89% related to an incident in South Africa involving an Australian surfing celebrity). The tabloid, Telegraph, published substantially more shark-related articles and photographs than other newspapers. There was otherwise no consistent pattern of difference between genre or newspapers.

中文翻译：

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澳大利亚主要报纸如何报道鲨鱼和鲨鱼与人类的互动

很少有短语比“鲨鱼袭击”更能唤起负面情绪，或产生更多的媒体报道，尽管很少有人因鲨鱼咬伤而死亡。通常，小报被认为比大报提供更多耸人听闻的报道。我们调查了在澳大利亚水域鲨鱼袭击数量创历史新高的时期，澳大利亚四大报纸如何描述鲨鱼和鲨鱼与人类之间的互动。人们非常关注鲨鱼对人类的风险，以及对负面方面的过度报道。记录了 30 起事故：2 起致命事故、20 起受伤事故和 8 起“险些未遂”。在接受调查的 309 篇“鲨鱼”文章中，24% 提到了死亡（65% 发生在研究之前，几十年前）。40% 的文章报告了伤害，和 33% 的“险些错过”（89% 与南非发生的一起涉及澳大利亚冲浪名人的事件有关）。与其他报纸相比，小报《电讯报》发表了更多与鲨鱼相关的文章和照片。除此之外，类型或报纸之间没有一致的差异模式。