Abstract

Intensive use of the chlorinated pesticide chlordecone from the 1970s to 1993 to prevent crop damage in banana plantations of Guadeloupe and Martinique led to diffuse pollution of soils and surface waters, affecting both fauna and human beings in the contaminated areas. Since 2001, drinking water production plants have been equipped with filters containing activated carbon that must be treated after saturation. The objective of this work is to produce a hybrid material composed of activated carbon and vitamin B12 (VB12) for the degradation of chlordecone (CLD). The preparation of such a hybrid material is carried out by non-covalent fixation to achieve an eco-friendly solution for the serious environmental problem of contamination by chlorinated pesticides. It is thus proposed to degrade CLD by a physico-chemical treatment allowing salvage of the catalyst, which is adsorbed on the carbon surface to generate less waste that is inexpedient to treat. Activated carbon (AC) is produced locally from available sugarcane bagasse subjected to phosphoric acid activation. The main characteristics of this material are a major mesoporous structure (0.91%) and a specific (BET) surface area ranging from 1000 to 1500 m² g⁻¹. The experimental results showed that BagP1.5 has a high adsorption capacity for VB12 due to its large surface area (1403 m² g⁻¹). The binding of VB12 to the bagasse-derived AC is favoured at high temperatures. The adsorption is optimal at a pH of approximately 6. The maximum adsorption capacity of VB12 on the AC, deduced from the Langmuir model, was 306 mg g⁻¹, confirming the high affinity between the two components. The hybrid material was characterised by FTIR, Raman, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and SEM analysis. CLD removal by this hybrid material was faster than that by VB12 or BagP1.5 alone. The CLD degradation products were characterised by mass spectrometry.

中文翻译：

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维生素B12和蔗渣衍生的活性炭用于厌氧十氯酮（Kepone）去除的纳米结构杂化材料的开发和表征

摘要

从1970年代至1993年间，为防止瓜德罗普岛和马提尼克岛香蕉种植园对作物的破坏，大量使用氯化农药十氯酮导致土壤和地表水的分散污染，影响了受污染地区的动物和人类。自2001年以来，饮用水生产厂已配备了含有活性炭的过滤器，必须在饱和后对其进行处理。这项工作的目的是生产一种由活性炭和维生素B12（VB12）组成的杂化材料，用于降解十氯酮（CLD）。这种杂化材料的制备是通过非共价固定进行的，以实现一种环保的解决方案，以解决严重的环境问题，包括氯化农药的污染。因此，提出了通过物理化学处理来降解CLD，该化学化学处理允许对被吸附在碳表面上的催化剂进行抢救，从而产生较少的废物，这是难以处理的。活性炭（AC）由可利用磷酸活化的甘蔗渣局部产生。这种材料的主要特征是主要的介孔结构（0.91％）和比表面积（BET）在1000至1500 m之间²  g ^-1。实验结果表明，由于BagP1.5的表面积大（1403 m ²  g ^-1），因此对VB12的吸附能力强。VB12与甘蔗渣衍生的AC的结合在高温下是有利的。在大约6的pH值下，吸附是最佳的。从Langmuir模型推导得出，VB12在AC上的最大吸附容量为306 mg g ^-1，证实了这两种组分之间的高亲和力。通过FTIR，拉曼光谱，X射线荧光光谱和SEM分析对杂化材料进行了表征。通过这种混合材料去除CLD的速度比单独使用VB12或BagP1.5的速度快。通过质谱法表征CLD降解产物。