BACKGROUND Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is an infection caused by Leishmania (L.) protozoa transmitted through the bite of infected sand fly. Previously, invasive sampling of blood and skin along with low throughput methods were used for determination of inflammatory response in CL patients. AIMS/METHODOLOGY We established a novel approach based on a non-invasive adhesive tape-disc sampling combined with a powerful multiplexing technique called proximity extension assay for profiling 92 inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and surface molecules in the lesions of CL patients infected with L. tropica. Sample collection was done non-invasively by using adhesive tape-discs from lesion and normal skin of 33 L. tropica positive patients. RESULTS Out of 92 inflammatory proteins, the level of 34 proteins was significantly increased in the lesions of CL patients compared to their normal skin. This includes the chemokines CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CXCL1, CXCL5, CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11, together with the interleukins IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, LIF and OSM. The remaining significantly changed inflammatory proteins include 7 surface molecules and receptors: CD5, CD40, CDCP1, 4E-BP1, TNFRSF9, IL-18R1 and OPG as well as 16 other cytokines and proteins: MMP-1, CSF-1, VEGFA, uPA, EN-RAGE, LAP TGF-β1, HGF, MMP-10, CASP-8, TNFSF14, STAMPB, ADA, TRAIL and ST1A1. Further, 13 proteins showed an increasing trend, albeit not statistically significant, in the CL lesions, including TGF-α, CCL23, MCP-2, IL-12B, CXCL6, IL-24, FGF-19, TNFβ, CD6, TRANCE, IL10, SIR2 and CCL20. CONCLUSION We herein report a novel approach based on a non-invasive sampling method combined with the high-throughput protein assay for profiling inflammatory proteins in CL lesions. Using this approach, we could profile inflammatory proteins in the lesions from CL patients. This new non-invasive approach may have implications for studying skin inflammatory mediators in CL and other skin disorders.

中文翻译：

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使用非侵入性采样方法结合高通量蛋白检测分析分析皮肤利什曼病患者皮损的炎症反应


背景皮肤利什曼病（CL）是由利什曼原虫（L.）引起的感染，通过受感染的白蛉叮咬传播。此前，采用侵入性血液和皮肤采样以及低通量方法来测定 CL 患者的炎症反应。目的/方法 我们建立了一种基于非侵入性胶带盘采样的新方法，结合称为邻近延伸测定的强大多重技术，用于分析感染热带乳杆菌的 CL 患者病变中的 92 种炎症细胞因子、趋化因子和表面分子。使用胶带盘从 33 名热带乳杆菌阳性患者的病变和正常皮肤中非侵入性地采集样本。结果 在 92 种炎症蛋白中，与正常皮肤相比，CL 患者皮损中的 34 种蛋白水平显着升高。这包括趋化因子 CCL2、CCL3、CCL4、CXCL1、CXCL5、CXCL9、CXCL10 和 CXCL11，以及白细胞介素 IL-6、IL-8、IL-18、LIF 和 OSM。其余显着变化的炎症蛋白包括 7 种表面分子和受体：CD5、CD40、CDCP1、4E-BP1、TNFRSF9、IL-18R1 和 OPG 以及其他 16 种细胞因子和蛋白：MMP-1、CSF-1、VEGFA、uPA 、EN-RAGE、LAP TGF-β1、HGF、MMP-10、CASP-8、TNFSF14、STAMPB、ADA、TRAIL 和 ST1A1。此外，13种蛋白质在CL病变中显示出增加趋势，尽管没有统计学意义，包括TGF-α、CCL23、MCP-2、IL-12B、CXCL6、IL-24、FGF-19、TNFβ、CD6、TRANCE、 IL10、SIR2 和 CCL20。结论 我们在此报告了一种基于非侵入性采样方法与高通量蛋白测定相结合的新方法，用于分析 CL 病变中的炎症蛋白。 使用这种方法，我们可以分析 CL 患者病变中的炎症蛋白。这种新的非侵入性方法可能对研究 CL 和其他皮肤疾病中的皮肤炎症介质具有重要意义。