Because of inconsistencies in the field of attentional bias to food cues in eating behavior, this study aimed to re-examine the assumption that hungry healthy weight individuals have an attentional bias to food cues, but satiated healthy weight individuals do not. Since attentional engagement and attentional disengagement have been proposed to play a distinct role in behavior, we used a performance measure that is specifically designed to differentiate between these two attentional processes. Participants were healthy weight women who normally eat breakfast. In the satiated condition (n = 54), participants were instructed to have breakfast just before coming to the lab. In the fasted condition (n = 50), participants fasted on average 14 h before coming into the lab. Satiated women showed no stronger attentional engagement or attentional disengagement bias to food cues than to neutral cues. Fasted women did show stronger attentional engagement to food cues than to neutral cues that were shown briefly (100 ms). They showed no bias in attentional engagement to food cues that were shown longer (500 ms) or in attentional disengagement from food cues. These findings are in line with the assumption that healthy weight individuals show an attentional bias to food cues when food stimuli are motivationally salient. Furthermore, the findings point to the importance of differentiating between attentional engagement and attentional disengagement.

中文翻译：

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饥饿对健康体重女性注意力参与和脱离图片食物线索的影响

由于饮食行为中对食物线索的注意偏向领域的不一致，本研究旨在重新检验这样一种假设，即饥饿的健康体重个体对食物线索有注意偏向，而饱食的健康体重个体则没有。由于注意力参与和注意力脱离已被提议在行为中发挥不同的作用，我们使用了一种专门设计来区分这两种注意力过程的绩效衡量标准。参与者是通常吃早餐的健康体重女性。在饱足的情况下（n = 54），参与者被要求在进入实验室之前吃早餐。在禁食条件下（n = 50），参与者在进入实验室前平均禁食 14 小时。与中性线索相比，饱足的女性对食物线索没有表现出更强的注意力投入或注意力脱离倾向。与短暂显示的中性线索（100 毫秒）相比，禁食女性确实​​对食物线索表现出更强的注意力参与。他们对显示时间更长（500 毫秒）的食物线索的注意力参与或对食物线索的注意力脱离没有表现出偏见。这些发现符合这样的假设，即当食物刺激在动机上显着时，健康体重的个体对食物线索表现出注意偏见。此外，研究结果指出区分注意力投入和注意力分散的重要性。他们对显示时间更长（500 毫秒）的食物线索的注意力参与或对食物线索的注意力脱离没有表现出偏见。这些发现符合这样的假设，即当食物刺激在动机上显着时，健康体重的个体对食物线索表现出注意偏见。此外，研究结果指出区分注意力投入和注意力分散的重要性。他们对显示时间更长（500 毫秒）的食物线索的注意力参与或对食物线索的注意力脱离没有表现出偏见。这些发现符合这样的假设，即当食物刺激在动机上显着时，健康体重的个体对食物线索表现出注意偏见。此外，研究结果指出区分注意力投入和注意力分散的重要性。