Electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS), known in the past as "Microwave syndrome", is a clinical syndrome characterized by the presence of a wide spectrum of non-specific multiple organ symptoms, typically including central nervous system symptoms, that occur following the patient's acute or chronic exposure to electromagnetic fields in the environment or in occupational settings. Numerous studies have shown biological effects at the cellular level of electromagnetic fields (EMF) at magnetic (ELF) and radio-frequency (RF) frequencies in extremely low intensities. Many of the mechanisms described for Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS) apply with modification to EHS. Repeated exposures result in sensitization and consequent enhancement of response. Many hypersensitive patients appear to have impaired detoxification systems that become overloaded by excessive oxidative stress. EMF can induce changes in calcium signaling cascades, significant activation of free radical processes and overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in living cells as well as altered neurological and cognitive functions and disruption of the blood-brain barrier. Magnetite crystals absorbed from combustion air pollution could have an important role in brain effects of EMF. Autonomic nervous system effects of EMF could also be expressed as symptoms in the cardiovascular system. Other common effects of EMF include effects on skin, microvasculature, immune and hematologic systems. It is concluded that the mechanisms underlying the symptoms of EHS are biologically plausible and that many organic physiologic responses occur following EMF exposure. Patients can have neurologic, neuro-hormonal and neuro-psychiatric symptoms following exposure to EMF as a consequence of neural damage and over-sensitized neural responses. More relevant diagnostic tests for EHS should be developed. Exposure limits should be lowered to safeguard against biologic effects of EMF. Spread of local and global wireless networks should be decreased, and safer wired networks should be used instead of wireless, to protect susceptible members of the public. Public places should be made accessible for electrohypersensitive individuals.

中文翻译：

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电磁超敏反应（EHS，微波综合症）-机制的审查。

电磁超敏反应（EHS）在过去被称为“微波综合症”，是一种临床综合症，其特征是存在多种非特异性多器官系统症状，通常包括中枢神经系统症状，这些症状是在患者急性或急性发作后发生的。在环境或职业环境中长期暴露于电磁场中。大量研究表明，在电磁场（EMF）的细胞水平上，电磁场（EMF）和射频（RF）频率下的生物效应极低。多种化学敏感性（MCS）所述的许多机制都适用于EHS的修改。重复接触会导致过敏并因此增强反应。许多过敏症患者的排毒系统受损，过度的氧化应激会使其超负荷。EMF可以诱导钙信号级联反应的改变，自由基过程的显着激活以及活细胞中活性氧（ROS）的过度产生以及神经和认知功能的改变以及血脑屏障的破坏。燃烧空气污染吸收的磁铁矿晶体可能在EMF的脑效应中起重要作用。EMF对植物神经系统的影响也可以表示为心血管系统的症状。EMF的其他常见影响包括对皮肤，微脉管系统，免疫和血液系统的影响。结论是，EHS症状的潜在机制在生物学上是合理的，并且在暴露于EMF之后会发生许多有机生理反应。由于神经损伤和过度敏感的神经反应，暴露于EMF后，患者可能会出现神经，神经激素和神经精神症状。应该为EHS开发更相关的诊断测试。应当降低暴露极限以防止EMF的生物效应。应减少本地和全球无线网络的传播，并应使用更安全的有线网络代替无线网络，以保护易受伤害的公众。对电过敏的个人应使公共场所容易接近。神经损伤和过度敏感的神经反应导致的暴露于EMF后的神经激素和神经精神症状。应该为EHS开发更相关的诊断测试。应当降低暴露极限以防止EMF的生物效应。应减少本地和全球无线网络的传播，并应使用更安全的有线网络代替无线网络，以保护易受伤害的公众。对电过敏的个人应使公共场所容易接近。神经损伤和过度敏感的神经反应导致的暴露于EMF后的神经激素和神经精神症状。应该为EHS开发更相关的诊断测试。应当降低暴露极限以防止EMF的生物效应。应减少本地和全球无线网络的传播，并应使用更安全的有线网络代替无线网络，以保护易受伤害的公众。对电过敏的个人应使公共场所容易接近。应当使用更安全的有线网络代替无线网络，以保护易受伤害的公众。对电过敏的个人应使公共场所容易接近。应当使用更安全的有线网络代替无线网络，以保护易受伤害的公众。对电过敏的个人应使公共场所容易接近。