Abstract Food proteins are being used as carrier materials for the co-encapsulation of bioactive components. Partition of bioactive components in a carrier depends on their solubility and interaction with carrier materials. In this study, hydrophobic α-tocopherol and amphiphilic naringenin were chosen as model bioactive components to construct their complex nanoparticles with whey protein isolate (WPI). Naringenin in the molecular level was bound to WPI particles, while α-tocopherol was both bound in the molecular level and encapsulated as the aggregate in the particles. In ternary complex particles, the increased antioxidant activity of WPI-naringenin particles counteracted the protein shielding effect on the activity of α-tocopherol. Oxidation of α-tocopherol and naringenin did not cause any damage to WPI, but slightly changed the size and ζ-potential of protein particles during storage. Addition of naringenin improved the stability and bioaccessibility of α-tocopherol. The data gathered here would provide guidance for the development of protein-based co-encapsulating carriers.

中文翻译：

---

乳清分离蛋白颗粒中的α-生育酚和柚皮素：分配、抗氧化活性、稳定性和生物可及性

摘要 食品蛋白质被用作载体材料，用于共同封装生物活性成分。载体中生物活性成分的分配取决于它们的溶解度和与载体材料的相互作用。在这项研究中，选择疏水性 α-生育酚和两亲性柚皮素作为模型生物活性成分，用乳清蛋白分离物 (WPI) 构建它们的复合纳米颗粒。柚皮素在分子水平上与 WPI 颗粒结合，而 α-生育酚则在分子水平上结合并作为聚集体包裹在颗粒中。在三元复合颗粒中，WPI-柚皮素颗粒增加的抗氧化活性抵消了蛋白质对α-生育酚活性的屏蔽作用。α-生育酚和柚皮素的氧化不会对 WPI 造成任何损害，但在储存过程中略微改变了蛋白质颗粒的大小和 ζ 电位。添加柚皮素提高了 α-生育酚的稳定性和生物可及性。这里收集的数据将为开发基于蛋白质的共封装载体提供指导。