Background

Studies of starch-based aerogels have attracted widespread attention over the last decade, motivated by their environmental friendliness, biodegradability and unique properties. The diversity sources and concentrations of natural starch, the difference in regulation of processing parameters, the employment of gelling improvers or not makes it kind of confusion in fabricating starch-based aerogels for specific uses.

Scope and approach

This review summarized the fabrication routes of starch-based aerogel, evaluated the internal and external factors modulating the structure and properties, and also described the application progress of starch-based aerogel, mainly focused on food industry. Technical strategies are given for above topics.

Key findings and conclusions

There are two main fabrication routes of starch-based aerogels based on their shapes: one is for monolith aerogel, another is for microsphere. The parameters including specific surface area, density, pore size, total pore volume, and porosity should be optimized by changing the sources and concentrations of natural starch, the conditions of starch-based hydrogel formation, the methods of solvent removal, and the employment of gelling improvers for different performance requirements. Applications of starch-based aerogels have been extensively explored in food ingredients delivery, food packaging, and thermal isolation. The investigation to date on starch-based aerogel is driven by laboratory-scale fundamental researches, requiring a firmer theoretical foundation and pilot research to narrow the gap between basic research and realistic applications.

中文翻译：

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淀粉基气凝胶的制备和应用：技术策略

背景

在过去的十年中，基于淀粉的气凝胶的研究由于其环境友好性，生物降解性和独特性能而受到广泛关注。天然淀粉的多样性来源和浓度，加工参数调节的差异，是否使用胶凝改良剂，在制造特定用途的淀粉基气凝胶时会造成混淆。

范围和方法

综述了淀粉基气凝胶的制备路线，评价了调节结构和性能的内外因素，并介绍了淀粉基气凝胶的应用进展，主要针对食品工业。针对以上主题给出了技术策略。

主要发现和结论

基于淀粉气凝胶的形状，主要有两种制造途径：一种是用于整体式气凝胶，另一种是用于微球。应通过更改天然淀粉的来源和浓度，淀粉基水凝胶的形成条件，去除溶剂的方法以及使用三聚氰胺的方法来优化包括比表面积，密度，孔径，总孔径和孔隙率在内的参数。用于不同性能要求的胶凝改进剂。淀粉基气凝胶在食品配料输送，食品包装和热隔离方面的应用已得到广泛研究。迄今为止，对淀粉基气凝胶的研究是由实验室规模的基础研究推动的，需要更坚实的理论基础和先导研究以缩小基础研究与实际应用之间的差距。