Abstract Systemic risks and human errors are the root causes of process safety incidents in offshore operations. Human factor amounts for more than 70 % of offshore incidents and among those 75 % of them are due to perceptual errors involving rich information displays. Offshore drilling console is one such area where a display of hundreds of parameters and alarms maintains a constant cognitive load on the driller and upon his slight oblivion, severe consequences can follow. One way to study these errors is through a cognitive approach that focuses on the information accusation patterns rather than a behaviorist approach of focusing on the decision outcomes. In this research, we attempt to apply process tracing through eye-tracking methodology to look at information acquisition patterns of participants during a well control simulation. The simulation was designed on a commercial well control drilling simulator to observe the difference in performances by tracking information acquisition patterns of expert and novice participants. Fourteen (n = 14) participants were paired into eight teams with each comprising of a driller and a supervisor. Eye-tracking glasses were used to record the fixation and saccade pattern of the participants over the simulator console and displays. For the analysis phase, four time of interests (TOIs) were selected as drilling break detection, kick detection, kick control, and kick circulation. For these TOIs the fixation and saccades pattern of participants on various areas of interest (AOIs) were analyzed through heat and gaze plots. Significant differences in information acquisition patterns of the novice and expert participants were linked to their performance to reveal valuable insights. Such insights are useful in identifying the dominating factors behind performance and can be used for targeted feedback to improve well control training and evaluation.

中文翻译：

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基于模拟的培训以提高海上能源运营的过程安全：通过眼动追踪进行过程追踪

摘要 系统性风险和人为错误是海上作业过程安全事故的根源。人为因素占海上事故的 70% 以上，其中 75% 是由于涉及丰富信息显示的感知错误造成的。海上钻井控制台就是这样一个区域，其中数百个参数和警报的显示使司钻保持恒定的认知负荷，一旦他稍有遗忘，就会产生严重的后果。研究这些错误的一种方法是通过关注信息指控模式的认知方法，而不是关注决策结果的行为主义方法。在这项研究中，我们尝试通过眼动追踪方法应用过程追踪来查看井控模拟过程中参与者的信息获取模式。该模拟是在商业井控钻井模拟器上设计的，通过跟踪专家和新手参与者的信息获取模式来观察性能差异。十四 (n = 14) 名参与者被分成八组，每组包括一名司钻和一名主管。眼动追踪眼镜用于记录参与者在模拟器控制台和显示器上的注视和扫视模式。在分析阶段，选择了四个兴趣时间 (TOI) 作为钻井中断检测、井涌检测、井涌控制和井涌循环。对于这些 TOI，通过热图和凝视图分析了参与者对各种兴趣区域 (AOI) 的注视和扫视模式。新手和专家参与者信息获取模式的显着差异与他们的表现有关，以揭示有价值的见解。这些见解有助于确定性能背后的主导因素，并可用于有针对性的反馈，以改进井​​控培训和评估。