Abstract N-containing pour point depressants (PPDs) for diesel fuel were synthesized by polymerizing tetradecyl methacrylate (C14MC) with N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NVP), N-vinylimidazole (NVIM), and N-vinylcaprolactam (NVCL) at different with molar ratios (1:1, 3:1, 6:1, 9:1, 12:1, and 15:1) through free radical polymerization. The resulting C14MC-N-containing copolymers (C14MC-NVP, C14MC-NVIM and C14MC-NVCL, respectively) were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the depressive effects of the PPDs added into diesel fuel were investigated. Results showed that C14MC-NVP (12:1), C14MC-NVCL (9:1), and C14MC-NVIM (9:1) at 2000 ppm exhibited improved depressive effects, and C14MC-NVIM (9:1) at 2000 ppm exhibited the best cold flowability. That is, the cold filter plugging (CFPP) and solid points (SP) decreased by 13 °C and 26 °C, respectively. The interaction mechanisms of these N-containing PPDs in diesel were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and polarizing optical microscopy and by using viscosity–temperature curves.

中文翻译：

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含氮降凝剂对柴油冷流性能的影响

摘要 通过甲基丙烯酸十四烷基酯 (C14MC) 与 N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮 (NVP)、N-乙烯基咪唑 (NVIM) 和 N-乙烯基己内酰胺 (NVCL) 在不同条件下聚合合成了柴油用含氮降凝剂 (PPDs)。以摩尔比（1:1、3:1、6:1、9:1、12:1和15:1）通过自由基聚合。所得含 C14MC-N 的共聚物（分别为 C14MC-NVP、C14MC-NVIM 和 C14MC-NVCL）通过傅里叶变换红外 (FTIR) 光谱、1H 核磁共振 (1H NMR) 和热重分析 (TGA) 进行表征，并研究了添加到柴油中的 PPDs 的抑制作用。结果表明，C14MC-NVP (12:1)、C14MC-NVCL (9:1) 和 C14MC-NVIM (9:1) 在 2000 ppm 表现出改善的抑郁作用，C14MC-NVIM (9:1) 在 2000 ppm表现出最佳的冷流动性。也就是说，冷滤堵塞 (CFPP) 和固点 (SP) 分别降低了 13 °C 和 26 °C。通过差示扫描量热法和偏光显微镜以及使用粘度-温度曲线研究了这些含氮 PPD 在柴油中的相互作用机制。