Fertility is an important economic trait in the production of meat goat, and follicular development plays an important role in fertility. Although many mRNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to play critical roles in ovarian biological processes, the interaction between mRNAs and miRNAs in follicular development is not yet completely understood. In addition, less attention has been given to the study of single follicle (dominant or atretic follicle) in goats. This study aimed to identify mRNAs, miRNAs, and signaling pathways as well as their interaction networks in the ovarian follicles (large follicles and small follicles) of uniparous and multiple Chuanzhong black goats at estrus phase using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) technique. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the number of large follicles between uniparous and multiple goats (P < 0.05), but no difference in the number of small follicles was observed (P > 0.05). For the small follicles of uniparous and multiple goats at estrus phase, 289 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and 16 DEmiRNAs were identified; and for the large follicles, 195 DEmRNAs and 7 DEmiRNAs were identified. The functional enrichment analysis showed that DE genes in small follicles were significantly enriched in ovarian steroidogenesis and steroid hormone biosynthesis, while in large follicles were significantly enriched in ABC transporters and steroid hormone biosynthesis. The results of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were consistent with those of RNA-seq. Analysis of the mRNA-miRNA interaction network suggested that CD36 (miR-122, miR-200a, miR-141), TNFAIP6 (miR-141, miR-200a, miR-182), CYP11A1 (miR-122), SERPINA5 (miR-1, miR-206, miR-133a-3p, miR-133b), and PTGFR (miR-182, miR-122) might be related to fertility, but requires further research on follicular somatic cells. This study was used for the first time to reveal the DEmRNAs and DEmiRNAs as well as their interaction in the follicles of uniparous and multiple goats at estrus phase using RNA-seq technology. Our findings provide new clues to uncover the molecular mechanisms and signaling networks of goat reproduction that could be potentially used to increase ovulation rate and kidding rate in goat.

中文翻译：

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综合分析发情期单头和多头山羊卵巢卵泡中的mRNA和miRNA

肥力是肉山羊生产中的重要经济性状，卵泡发育对肥力起着重要作用。尽管已发现许多mRNA和microRNA（miRNA）在卵巢生物学过程中起关键作用，但尚未完全了解卵泡发育中mRNA和miRNA之间的相互作用。此外，对山羊单卵泡（优势或闭锁卵泡）研究的关注较少。这项研究旨在使用RNA测序（RNA-seq）技术鉴定发情期的单头和多头川中黑山羊的卵巢卵泡（大卵泡和小卵泡）中的mRNA，miRNA及其信号传导途径及其相互作用网络。结果表明，单头山羊和多头山羊的大卵泡数目存在显着差异（P <0.05），而小卵泡数目却没有差异（P> 0.05）。对于处于发情期的单头山羊和多头山羊的小卵泡，鉴定了289个差异表达的mRNA（DEmRNA）和16个DEmiRNA。对于大卵泡，鉴定出了195个DEmRNA和7个DEmiRNA。功能富集分析表明，小卵泡中的DE基因在卵巢类固醇生成和类固醇激素的生物合成中显着丰富，而大卵泡中的ABC转运蛋白和类固醇激素的生物合成显着丰富。实时定量聚合酶链反应的定量结果与RNA-seq一致。对mRNA-miRNA相互作用网络的分析表明，CD36（miR-122，miR-200a，miR-141），TNFAIP6（miR-141，miR-200a，miR-182），CYP11A1（miR-122），SERPINA5（miR -1，miR-206，miR-133a-3p，miR-133b）和PTGFR（miR-182，miR-122）可能与生育能力有关，但需要对卵泡体细胞进行进一步研究。这项研究首次使用RNA-seq技术揭示了处于发情期的单头和多头山羊卵泡中的DEmRNA和DEmiRNA及其相互作用。我们的发现为揭示山羊繁殖的分子机制和信号网络提供了新的线索，这些分子机制和信号网络可能用于增加山羊的排卵率和开玩笑率。miR-133a-3p，miR-133b）和PTGFR（miR-182，miR-122）可能与生育能力有关，但需要对卵泡体细胞进行进一步研究。这项研究首次使用RNA-seq技术揭示了处于发情期的单头和多头山羊卵泡中的DEmRNA和DEmiRNA及其相互作用。我们的发现为揭示山羊繁殖的分子机制和信号网络提供了新的线索，这些分子机制和信号网络可能用于增加山羊的排卵率和开玩笑率。miR-133a-3p，miR-133b）和PTGFR（miR-182，miR-122）可能与生育能力有关，但需要对卵泡体细胞进行进一步研究。这项研究首次使用RNA-seq技术揭示了处于发情期的单头和多头山羊卵泡中的DEmRNA和DEmiRNA及其相互作用。我们的发现为揭示山羊繁殖的分子机制和信号网络提供了新的线索，这些分子机制和信号网络可能被用来提高山羊的排卵率和开玩笑率。这项研究首次使用RNA-seq技术揭示了处于发情期的单头和多头山羊卵泡中的DEmRNA和DEmiRNA及其相互作用。我们的发现为揭示山羊繁殖的分子机制和信号网络提供了新的线索，这些分子机制和信号网络可能用于增加山羊的排卵率和开玩笑率。这项研究首次使用RNA-seq技术揭示了处于发情期的单头和多头山羊卵泡中的DEmRNA和DEmiRNA及其相互作用。我们的发现为揭示山羊繁殖的分子机制和信号网络提供了新的线索，这些分子机制和信号网络可能用于增加山羊的排卵率和开玩笑率。