Colon cancer is one of the most common malignancies and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the world. Colibactin, which is synthesized by the pks genomic island of E. coli interfere with the eukaryotic cell cycle. Cinnamon has an antimicrobial effect and considered as a colon cancer-preventing agent. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of cinnamon extract and cinnamaldehyde on clbB gene expression and biofilm formation in clinical isolates of E. coli. Thirty E. coli carrying pks gene were isolated from the colon cancer patients, inflammatory bowel disease and healthy subjects. Antibiotic susceptibility was evaluated by disk diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentration of cinnamon essential oil and cinnamaldehyde by microdilution broth method. In vitro biofilm formation of E.coli isolates was monitored using a microtiter plate method. The presence of clbB, clbA and clbQ genes in E.coli isolates were evaluated by PCR. The effect of cinnamaldehyde and cinnamon essential oil on clbB gene expression was evaluated by Real-Time PCR. The highest antibiotic resistance was obtained with 94.4% for ticarcillin-clavulanic acid, azithromycin, amoxicillin, and amikacin. The MIC for all clinical isolates was 32 μl/ml of cinnamon essential oil and the MIC of cinnamaldehyde was between 0.00002 to 0.03 μl/ml. After exposure of isolates to cinnamon extract and cinnamaldehyde, 40 and 13.3% were weakly biofilm producers, respectively. The frequencies of clbB, clbA, and clbQ genes were 23.3, 23.3, and 26.7%, respectively. The expression of clbB gene in the presence of the Sub-MIC concentration of cinnamon essential oil and cinnamaldehyde was decreased in 8 isolates compared to untreated isolates (p-value < 0.05). The antibacterial activity of cinnamaldehyde and cinnamon essential oil allows the use of these herbal compounds for treatment or supplements in infections caused by E. coli and in patients with suspected colorectal cancer.

中文翻译：

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肉桂提取物对结肠癌患者大肠杆菌中clbB基因表达和生物膜形成的影响

结肠癌是世界上最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，也是导致癌症相关死亡率的第四大主要原因。大肠杆菌的pks基因组岛合成的Colibactin干扰了真核细胞的周期。肉桂具有抗菌作用，被认为是预防结肠癌的药物。该研究的目的是评估肉桂提取物和肉桂醛对大肠杆菌临床分离株中clbB基因表达和生物膜形成的影响。从结肠癌患者，炎性肠病和健康受试者中分离出三十种携带pks基因的大肠杆菌。通过圆盘扩散法评估抗生素敏感性，通过微稀释液法评估肉桂精油和肉桂醛的最低抑菌浓度。大肠杆菌的体外生物膜形成 使用微量滴定板方法监测大肠杆菌分离株。通过PCR评估大肠杆菌分离物中clbB，clbA和clbQ基因的存在。通过实时PCR评估肉桂醛和肉桂精油对clbB基因表达的影响。替卡西林-克拉维酸，阿奇霉素，阿莫西林和阿米卡星对抗生素的耐药性最高，为94.4％。所有临床分离株的MIC为32μl/ ml肉桂精油，肉桂醛的MIC为0.00002至0.03μl/ ml。将分离物暴露于肉桂提取物和肉桂醛后，分别有40％和13.3％的生物膜产生力弱。clbB，clbA和clbQ基因的频率分别为23.3、23.3和26.7％。与未处理的菌株相比，在Sub-MIC浓度的肉桂精油和肉桂醛存在下，clbB基因的表达降低了8个菌株（p值<0.05）。肉桂醛和肉桂精油的抗菌活性使这些草药化合物可用于治疗或补充大肠杆菌引起的感染以及疑似结直肠癌的患者。