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Distribution of aluminium in hydrated leaves of tea (Camellia sinensis) using synchrotron- and laboratory-based X-ray fluorescence microscopy.
Metallomics ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-27 , DOI: 10.1039/c9mt00300b
Antony van der Ent 1 , Peter M Kopittke , David J Paterson , Lachlan W Casey , Philip Nti Nkrumah
Affiliation  

Aluminium (Al) is highly toxic to plant growth, with soluble concentrations being elevated in the ∼40% of arable soils worldwide that are acidic. Determining the distribution of Al in plant tissues is important for understanding the mechanisms by which it is toxic and how some plants tolerate high concentrations. Synchrotron- and laboratory-based X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM) is a powerful technique to quantitatively analyse the distribution of elements, including in hydrated and living plants. However, analysis of light elements (z < phosphorus) is extremely challenging due to signal losses in air, and the unsuitability of vacuum environments for (fresh) hydrated plant tissues. This study uses XFM in a helium environment to avoid Al signal loss to reveal the distribution of Al in hydrated plant tissues of Tea (Camellia sinensis). The results show that Al occurs in localised areas across the foliar surface, whereas in cross-sections Al is almost exclusively concentrated in the apoplastic space above and in between adaxial epidermal cells. This distribution of Al is related to the Al tolerance of this species, and accumulation of phytotoxic elements in the apoplastic space, away from sensitive processes such as photosynthesis in the palisade mesophyll cells, is a common tolerance mechanism reported in many different plant species. This study develops an XFM method on both synchrotron and laboratory sources that overcomes the drawbacks of existing analytical techniques, permitting measurement of light elements down to Al in (fresh) hydrated plant tissues.

中文翻译:

使用同步加速器和基于实验室的 X 射线荧光显微镜分析茶(山茶)水合叶中铝的分布。

铝 (Al) 对植物生长有剧毒,全球约 40% 的酸性耕地土壤中的可溶性浓度升高。确定铝在植物组织中的分布对于了解铝的毒性机制以及某些植物如何耐受高浓度非常重要。基于同步加速器和实验室的 X 射线荧光显微镜 (XFM) 是一种强大的技术,可以定量分析元素的分布,包括在水合植物和活植物中。然而,轻元素的分析(z< 磷)由于空气中的信号损失以及真空环境不适合(新鲜)水合植物组织而极具挑战性。本研究在氦气环境中使用 XFM 以避免铝信号丢失,以揭示铝在茶 ( Camellia sinensis)水合植物组织中的分布)。结果表明,Al 存在于整个叶面的局部区域,而在横截面中,Al 几乎完全集中在正轴表皮细胞上方和之间的质外体空间。铝的这种分布与该物种的铝耐受性有关,在质外体空间中植物毒性元素的积累,远离栅栏叶肉细胞中的光合作用等敏感过程,是许多不同植物物种中报道的常见耐受机制。本研究在同步加速器和实验室源上开发了一种 XFM 方法,该方法克服了现有分析技术的缺点,允许测量(新鲜)水合植物组织中的轻元素至铝。
更新日期:2020-03-27
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