Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Antimicrobial resistance, including in pathogens that cause CABP, continues to spread at an alarming rate. Because of these factors, the development of new antibiotic classes is urgently needed. Lefamulin, previously known as BC-3781, is a semisynthetic pleuromutilin antibiotic that was approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of CABP in adults. Available in both oral and intravenous formulations, lefamulin has potent in vitro activity against both typical and atypical CABP pathogens. The first pleuromutilin to be used systemically in humans, lefamulin has a unique mechanism of action that inhibits protein synthesis by preventing the binding of tRNA for peptide transfer. This review summarizes the available data on lefamulin, including recent evidence from 2 phase III clinical trials (LEAP 1 and LEAP 2), and discusses its potential role in the treatment of CABP.

中文翻译：

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Lefamulin：一种新型的半合成截短侧耳素抗生素，用于社区获得性细菌性肺炎

社区获得性细菌性肺炎（CABP）仍然是全世界发病率和死亡率的重要原因。包括引起CABP的病原体在内的抗菌素耐药性继续以惊人的速度扩散。由于这些因素，迫切需要开发新的抗生素类别。Lefamulin，以前称为BC-3781，是一种半合成截短侧耳素抗生素，已获得美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）的批准，可用于成人CABP的治疗。Lefamulin具有口服和静脉内制剂，对典型和非典型CABP病原体均具有有效的体外活性。Lefamulin是第一个在人体中全身使用的截短侧耳素，具有独特的作用机制，可通过阻止tRNA结合肽转移来抑制蛋白质合成。