Water contamination is often reported in agriculturally intensive areas such as the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) in south-eastern Asia. We evaluated the impact of the organic and conventional farming of basmati rice on water quality during the rainy season (July to October) of 2011 and 2016 at Kaithal, Haryana, India. The study area comprised seven organic and seven conventional fields where organic farming has been practiced for more than two decades. Water quality parameters used for drinking (nitrate, NO3; total dissolved solids (TDS); electrical conductivity (EC) pH) and irrigation (sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and residual sodium carbonate (RSC)) purposes were below permissible limits for all samples collected from organic fields and those from conventional fields over the long-term (~15 and ~20 years). Importantly, the magnitude of water NO3 contamination in conventional fields was approximately double that of organic fields, which is quite alarming and needs attention in future for farming practices in the IGP in south-eastern Asia.

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有机与传统水稻种植下东南亚印度恒河平原水质评估

水污染经常发生在农业密集地区，例如东南亚的印度恒河平原 (IGP)。我们在 2011 年和 2016 年的雨季（7 月至 10 月）在印度哈里亚纳邦的凯瑟尔评估了有机和常规种植巴斯马蒂水稻对水质的影响。研究区域包括七个有机农田和七个传统农田，这些农田已经实施了二十多年的有机耕作。用于饮用（硝酸盐、NO3；总溶解固体 (TDS)；电导率 (EC) pH）和灌溉（钠吸附比 (SAR) 和残留碳酸钠 (RSC)）的水质参数低于所有样品的允许限值长期（约 15 年和约 20 年）从有机田和常规田收集。重要的，