Abstract

The occurrence and spatial distribution of 22 congener phthalate esters (PAEs) in the Lanzhou section of the Yellow River were investigated using water and sediment samples collected from 12 stations along the river in August 2016 to March 2017. PAEs were determined by liquid–liquid extraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The average concentrations of PAE in the water samples during the dry and wet periods were 3236.0 ng/L and 2300.0 ng/L, and the average dry and wet periods of the PAEs in the sediments were 4238.9 ng/g and 3959.9 ng/g, respectively. PAEs were detected in all sampling sites. The six PAEs controlled by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), namely dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), di-n-octyl phthalate (DNOP), and butyl benzyl phthalate(BBP), were detected. DMP, DEP, DBP, and DEHP accounted for more than 70% of all PAEs. In view of time distribution, PAEs concentration in the water samples of the dry season were greater than those of the wet season, but the sediments did not differ remarkably across the different periods. As for spatial distribution, the PAEs initially exhibited low concentrations in the upper reaches, high concentrations in the middle part, and low concentrations in the downstream; a health risk assessment of the six PAEs controlled by the U.S. EPA was carried out according to priority. Results showed that the carcinogenic risk value was less than 10⁻⁶, and the values of the non-carcinogenic compound risk index were less than 1, indicating the absence of carcinogenic damage to organisms or humans.

中文翻译：

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黄河兰州段邻苯二甲酸酯（PAEs）的发生和空间分布。

摘要

利用2016年8月至2017年3月沿河12个站点采集的水和沉积物样本，调查了黄河兰州段22种邻苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PAEs）的发生和空间分布。通过液-液萃取确定了PAEs和气相色谱-质谱法。干，湿期水样中PAE的平均浓度分别为3236.0 ng / L和2300.0 ng / L，沉积物中PAE的平均干湿时间为4238.9 ng / g和3959.9 ng / g，分别。在所有采样点均检测到PAE。由美国环境保护局（US EPA）控制的六个PAE，即邻苯二甲酸二甲酯（DMP），邻苯二甲酸二乙酯（DEP），邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DBP），邻苯二甲酸二-2-乙基己酯（DEHP），二正辛基邻苯二甲酸盐（DNOP）检测到邻苯二甲酸丁苄酯（BBP）。DMP，DEP，DBP和DEHP占所有PAE的70％以上。从时间分布来看，旱季水样中的PAEs浓度高于雨季，但不同时期的沉积物差异不显着。就空间分布而言，PAE最初在上游呈现低浓度，在中部呈现高浓度，而在下游呈现低浓度。根据优先级对美国环保局控制的六个PAE进行了健康风险评估。结果表明，致癌风险值小于10 干旱季节的水样中的PAEs浓度高于雨季的，但不同时期的沉积物没有显着差异。就空间分布而言，PAE最初在上游呈现低浓度，在中部呈现高浓度，而在下游呈现低浓度。根据优先级对美国环保局控制的六个PAE进行了健康风险评估。结果表明，致癌风险值小于10 干旱季节的水样中的PAEs浓度高于雨季的，但不同时期的沉积物没有显着差异。就空间分布而言，PAE最初在上游呈现低浓度，在中部呈现高浓度，而在下游呈现低浓度。根据优先级对美国环保局控制的六个PAE进行了健康风险评估。结果表明，致癌风险值小于10 根据优先级对美国环保局控制的六个PAE进行了健康风险评估。结果表明，致癌风险值小于10 根据优先级对美国环保局控制的六个PAE进行了健康风险评估。结果表明，致癌风险值小于10^-6，非致癌化合物风险指数的值小于1，表明对生物体或人类没有致癌性损害。