The use of cavitation in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) to treat acidic effluents and process water has become a promising trend in the area of environmental protection. The pH value of effluents – often acidified using an inorganic acid, is one of the key parameters of optimization process. However, in the majority of cases the effect of kind of inorganic acid on the effectiveness of degradation is not studied.

The present study describes the results of investigations on the use of hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) for the treatment of a model effluent containing 20 organic compounds, representing various groups of industrial pollutants. The effluent was acidified using three different mineral acids. It was demonstrated that the kind of acid used strongly affects the effectiveness of radical processes of oxidation of organic contaminants as well as formation of harmful secondary pollutants. One of important examples is a risk of formation of p-nitrotolune. Sulfuric acid was the only chemical used for acidification which caused effective treatment with lack of formation of monitored type of secondary pollutants. The best treatment effectiveness – during a 6-hour cavitation process - in most cases much above 80% along with 90% TOC removal was obtained in the case of sulfuric acid. Nitric acid provided lower effectiveness (above 60% for most of the compounds). The worst performance are reported for hydrochloric acid – below 50% of degradation for most of the compounds.

在高级氧化工艺（AOP）中使用气蚀来处理酸性废水和工艺用水已成为环境保护领域的一个有希望的趋势。废水的pH值（通常使用无机酸进行酸化）是优化过程的关键参数之一。但是，在大多数情况下，尚未研究无机酸种类对降解效果的影响。

本研究描述了使用水力空化（HC）处理包含20种有机化合物的模型流出物的研究结果，这些有机化合物代表各种工业污染物。使用三种不同的无机酸酸化废水。结果表明，所用酸的种类强烈影响有机污染物氧化的自由基过程的有效性以及有害二次污染物的形成。重要的例子之一是有形成对硝基甲苯的危险。硫酸是唯一用于酸化的化学物质，可引起有效的处理，而没有形成监测类型的二次污染物。在6小时的空化过程中，在硫酸的情况下，最佳的处理效果是最佳的-在大多数情况下，远远超过80％且TOC去除率达到80％以上。硝酸效力较低（大多数化合物的效力超过60％）。据报道，盐酸的性能最差-大多数化合物的降解率低于50％。