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Can sand nourishment material affect dune vegetation through nutrient addition?
Science of the Total Environment ( IF 8.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-28 , DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138233
Iris R Pit 1 , Martin J Wassen 1 , Annemieke M Kooijman 2 , Stefan C Dekker 3 , Jasper Griffioen 4 , Sebastiaan M Arens 5 , Jerry van Dijk 1
Affiliation  

In the Netherlands it is common to nourish the coastline with sand from the seabed. Foredunes are replenished with sand from the beach and can be transported further into the dune area. We investigated whether nourishment material alters the phosphorus (P) content of dune soil and the nitrogen (N):P ratio of dune vegetation in two areas: a mega sand nourishment with fixed foredunes (SE) and a traditional sand nourishment with dynamic foredunes (NWC). Four zones were considered: beach (zone 1), frontal foredunes (zone 2), foredunes crest (zone 3) and inner dunes (zone 4). We estimated the characteristics of fine (< 250-μm) and coarse (250-2000 μm) sand. Total P, P speciation and available P of SE and NWC were similar until zone 4. Zone 1-3 consisted mainly of coarse sand, whereas the sand in zone 4 was finer with higher amounts at NWC. Iron (Fe) bound P was comparable for fine and coarse sand in zone 1-3, but high contents were present in zone 4. In zone 1-3, calcium (Ca) bound P was mainly found in the fine fraction, which was abundant in the coarse fraction of zone 4. After a period of 4 years, the effect of dynamic dunes on P fractions and dune plant species was not apparent yet, although inblowing sand mainly consisted of fine sand with high contents of Ca-bound P. This may change over time, especially in dynamic dunes with higher eolian activity of fine sand. Consequently, pH buffering of the soil may increase because of a higher Ca‑carbonate content, which leads to decreased solubility of Ca-bound P and low P availability for the vegetation. Both low P availability and high buffering capacity are known environmental factors that facilitate endangered dune plant species.

中文翻译:

沙土营养物质可以通过添加养分来影响沙丘植被吗?

在荷兰,通常用海床中的沙子来滋养海岸线。沙滩上的沙子补充了Foredunes,可以进一步运到沙丘地区。我们调查了营养物质是否在两个区域改变了沙丘土壤的磷(P)含量和沙丘植被的氮(N):P比:两个区域固定的巨型沙土养分(SE)和动态区域的传统沙土养分( NWC)。考虑了四个区域:沙滩(区域1),额叶前区(区域2),山峰(区域3)和内沙丘(区域4)。我们估算了细砂(<250-μm)和粗砂(250-2000μm)的特征。SE和NWC的总P,P形态和有效P直到第4区都是相似的。第1-3区的砂主要由粗砂组成,而第4区的砂更细,在NWC处含量更高。铁(Fe)结合的P在1-3区与细砂和粗砂相当,但是在区4中含量高。在1-3区,钙(Ca)结合的P主要存在于细颗粒中,这是在4年的时间里,虽然沙丘主要由高钙结合P含量的细砂组成,但动态沙丘对P组分和沙丘植物种类的影响尚不明显。这可能会随着时间而改变,尤其是在沙丘风沙活性较高的动态沙丘中。因此,由于较高的碳酸钙含量,土壤的pH缓冲可能会增加,这会导致与钙结合的磷的溶解度降低,植被的磷利用率低。低磷利用率和高缓冲能力都是已知的环境因素,可促进濒危沙丘植物的生长。
更新日期:2020-03-28
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