Abstract Polyimides (PIs) possess great mechanical properties, outstanding thermal stability, solvent inertness, and the ability to be converted into carbon by thermal carbonization. Although studies on carbon materials derived from PIs have been conducted, PI-derived one-dimensional (1D) carbon materials with high surface areas, especially carbon tubes or hollow carbon fibers, have been rarely investigated. In this work, we provide a simple and facile method to prepare hollow carbon fibers by carbonizing hollow PI fibers. Blend solutions of poly(amic acid) carboxylate salts (PAAS) and polystyrene (PS) are electrospun to form core-shell PS/PAAS fibers, in which the PS and PAAS domains are used as sacrificial and precursor materials, respectively. By imidizing the PAAS to PI and selectively removing PS, hollow PI fibers can be obtained. Finally, the hollow PI fibers are carbonized to form hollow carbon fibers. The fiber samples at different stages are examined by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), Raman spectrometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The infrared images show that the thermal energy transfer rates of the hollow carbon fibers are higher than those of the hollow PI and PS/PI core-shell fibers, which can be attributed to the better thermal conductivity of carbon resulting from the covalent sp2 bonding between carbon atoms and the high surface area of the hollow structure.

中文翻译：

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电纺聚苯乙烯/聚（酰胺酸）羧酸盐芯壳纤维制备中空碳纤维及其散热

摘要 聚酰亚胺（PIs）具有良好的机械性能、优异的热稳定性、溶剂惰性以及通过热碳化转化为碳的能力。尽管已经对衍生自 PI 的碳材料进行了研究，但很少研究 PI 衍生的具有高表面积的一维 (1D) 碳材料，尤其是碳管或中空碳纤维。在这项工作中，我们提供了一种通过碳化中空 PI 纤维制备中空碳纤维的简单易行的方法。聚（酰胺酸）羧酸盐 (PAAS) 和聚苯乙烯 (PS) 的共混溶液经电纺形成核壳 PS/PAAS 纤维，其中 PS 和 PAAS 域分别用作牺牲和前体材料。通过将 PAAS 酰亚胺化为 PI 并选择性去除 PS，可以获得中空 PI 纤维。最后，将中空PI纤维碳化形成中空碳纤维。通过热重分析 (TGA)、拉曼光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR) 和扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 检查不同阶段的纤维样品。红外图像表明，中空碳纤维的热能传递率高于中空 PI 和 PS/PI 核壳纤维，这可能是由于碳纤维之间的共价 sp2 键导致碳具有更好的导热性。碳原子和空心结构的高表面积。和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）。红外图像表明，中空碳纤维的热能传递率高于中空 PI 和 PS/PI 核壳纤维，这可能是由于碳纤维之间的共价 sp2 键导致碳具有更好的导热性。碳原子和空心结构的高表面积。和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）。红外图像表明，中空碳纤维的热能传递率高于中空 PI 和 PS/PI 核壳纤维，这可能是由于碳纤维之间的共价 sp2 键导致碳具有更好的导热性。碳原子和空心结构的高表面积。