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Use of bathymetry and clay mineralogy of reservoir sediment to reconstruct the recent changes in sediment yields from a mountain catchment in the Western High Atlas region, Morocco
Catena ( IF 5.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-28 , DOI: 10.1016/j.catena.2020.104560
Abdelali Gourfi , Lahcen Daoudi , Ali Rhoujjati , Abdelfattah Benkaddour , Nathalie Fagel

The dam of Takerkoust, located at the outlet side of N'fis Basin (Western High Atlas of Morocco), is one of the strategic reservoirs in Morocco facing a serious problem of siltation due to soil erosion. A paleo-hydrology approach combining chronological and sedimentological analyses is conducted to understand the evolution of the depositional sediment history of the Takerkoust reservoir between 1988 and 2016. First, a series of 8 bathymetric surveys in the Takerkoust reservoir was used to determine the chronology of flood event deposits. Second, grain size distribution, clay mineralogy (XRD) and organic matter content were analyzed in 2 cores drilled in the Takerkoust reservoir and the newly build Ouirgane reservoir in upstream (from which 46 samples were taken). Third, Soils samples collected from the uppermost soil horizons (First 5 cm) of different localities of the N’fis watershed were also analyzed to identify sediments origins. Eleven couplets with different textures and thickness are identified in the Takerkoust reservoir corresponding to the period 1988–2016. The highest correlation is observed between instantaneous maximum flow and thickness of the sandy component of the couplets. The variation of the siltation rate allows highlighting two distinct periods: the oldest period (1988–1999) characterized by a high sediment yield SY (908.6 t·km−2·yr−1) and a youngest one (1999–2016) characterized by a low SY (203.9 t·km−2·yr−1). The newly built Ouirgane dam, seems to be responsible for the decreasing siltation rate and change of the clay assemblages of the sedimentary series in Takerkoust reservoir.



中文翻译:

利用测深法和储层沉积物的粘土矿物学来重建摩洛哥西部高阿特拉斯地区山区集水区沉积物产量的最新变化

Takerkoust大坝位于N'fis盆地出口(摩洛哥西部高等地图集),是摩洛哥的战略性水库之一,面临着因土壤侵蚀而严重淤积的问题。进行了一种古水文学方法,结合年代学和沉积学分析方法,以了解1988年至2016年Takerkoust水库沉积沉积历史的演变。首先,利用Takerkoust水库的8个水深测量系列来确定洪水的时间顺序活动存款。其次,分析了在Takerkoust油藏和上游新建的Ouirgane油藏钻出的2个岩心中的粒度分布,粘土矿物学(XRD)和有机质含量(从中抽取了46个样品)。第三,还分析了从N'fis流域不同地区的最高土壤层(前5 cm)收集的土壤样品,以确定沉积物的来源。在Takerkoust储层中,对应于1988–2016年,识别出11种质地和厚度不同的couple联。在瞬时最大流量与couple联含沙成分的厚度之间观察到最高的相关性。淤积速率的变化可以突出显示两个不同的时期:最古老的时期(1988-1999年),其特征是沉积物的SY较高(908.6 t·km)在瞬时最大流量与couple联含沙成分的厚度之间观察到最高的相关性。淤积速率的变化可以突出显示两个截然不同的时期:最古老的时期(1988-1999年),其特征是沉积物的SY较高(908.6 t·km 在瞬时最大流量与couple联含沙成分的厚度之间观察到最高的相关性。淤积速率的变化可以突出显示两个截然不同的时期:最古老的时期(1988-1999年),其特征是沉积物的SY较高(908.6 t·km-2 ·yr -1)和最年轻的一个(1999–2016),其SY低(203.9 t·km -2 ·yr -1)。新建的Ouirgane大坝似乎是导致Takerkoust水库淤积速率下降和沉积系列粘土组合变化的原因。

更新日期:2020-03-28
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