Invasive species are considered a major threat for global agricultural production, biodiversity and ecosystem services. Their spread and establishment is mainly influenced by bio-physical factors, but also by people's activities such as tourism or farming. Understanding farmers' behavior is necessary to develop effective control measures. We conducted qualitative semi-structured interviews in south-east Austria to explore factors that facilitate or impede farmers' behavior to individually or collectively control the invasive Western Corn Rootworm (WCR, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera). We analyze the interview contents using the Capability-Opportunity-Motivation-Behavior model (COM-B model). Our results show that farmers' motivation and related behavior is influenced by intra- and interpersonal factors such as their knowledge about WCR control measures (capability psychological), perceived societal acceptance of WCR control measures or perceived normative obligations to participate in collective measures (opportunity social). Farmers' motivation (reflective and automatic) for implementing individual or collective WCR control measures is mainly determined by their perceived self-efficacy, their perceived efficacy of WCR control measures and the perceived severity of WCR damages. Contextual factors such as environmental conditions, legal regulations, the landscape composition, the farm type or financial impacts of WCR control measures (opportunity physical) are essential prerequisites for farmers' behavior. The results suggest that new modes of knowledge transfer are required to facilitate the proactive implementation of individual and collective WCR control measures prior to trigger events, such as severe WCR damages. The development of a trusting and communicative environment between farmers is key for collective WCR control. Exchange with residents about WCR and applied control measures may help to create a shared understanding and increase societal acceptance. Moreover, a long-term and proactive coordination which meets individual famers' needs is required to implement collective WCR control measures. Farmers who have successfully implemented individual and collective WCR measures may encourage non-applicants and sceptics by "learning from peers".

中文翻译：

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探索农民对西部玉米根虫防治的个体和集体措施的行为-以奥地利东南部为例。

入侵物种被认为是对全球农业生产，生物多样性和生态系统服务的主要威胁。它们的传播和建立主要受生物物理因素的影响，但也受人们的旅游或农业活动的影响。了解农民的行为对于制定有效的控制措施是必要的。我们在奥地利东南部进行了定性的半结构化访谈，以探讨促进或阻碍农民单独或集体控制入侵性西部玉米根虫（WCR，Diabrotica virgifera virgifera）的行为的因素。我们使用能力-机会-动机-行为模型（COM-B模型）来分析采访内容。我们的结果表明，农民的 动机和相关行为受到人际和人际因素的影响，例如他们对WCR控制措施的了解（能力心理），对WCR控制措施的社会认知或对参与集体措施的规范义务（机会社会）。农民实施个人或集体WCR控制措施的动机（反思的和自动的）主要取决于他们的自我效能感，WCR控制措施的效能和WCR损害的严重程度。环境条件，法律法规，景观组成，农场类型或WCR控制措施（机会性）的财务影响等情境因素是农民行为的基本前提。结果表明，需要新的知识转移模式来促进在触发事件（例如严重的WCR损坏）之前主动实施个人和集体WCR控制措施。在农民之间建立信任和交流的环境是集体WCR控制的关键。与居民交流WCR和采取的控制措施可能有助于建立共识，并增加社会接受度。而且，需要实施长期的主动协调来满足每个农民的需求，以实施集体的WCR控制措施。成功实施了个人和集体WCR措施的农民可以通过“向同龄人学习”来鼓励非申请者和怀疑者。