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Biophysical potential of organic cropping practices as a sustainable alternative in Switzerland
Agricultural Systems ( IF 6.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2020.102822
Juhwan Lee , Magdalena Necpálová , Johan Six

Abstract Little is known about the potential of adopting organic farming at regional scales for mitigating agricultural greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. We simulated the effect of organic matter addition (manure and compost) on all cropland soils in Switzerland, with reduced tillage and winter cover cropping in combination. The DayCent model was run for the period 1991–2013 by accounting for factors such as soils, land use, and climate to evaluate alternative practices. Converting conventional cropping with only chemical fertilizers to organic cropping led to a regional mitigation in soil GHG emissions by 0.34–1.10 Mg CO2-eq ha−1 yr−1. Soil organic C (SOC) stocks increased by 104–259 kg C ha−1 yr−1, accounting for 86–100% of the GHG mitigation. Adopting organic practices with reduced tillage or cover cropping increased SOC stocks up to 433 kg C ha−1 yr−1. Our results suggest that the alternative practices could reverse C decline in conventional soils, predicted to be −241 kg C ha−1 yr−1. Organic practices combined with reduced tillage or cover cropping had varying effects on N2O emissions, ranging from a mean decrease of −0.60 kg N ha−1 yr−1 to an increase of 0.29 kg N ha−1 yr−1. Model results suggest the need to deliver mitigation that is more permanent with the careful combination of alternative practices. Also, risks such as increased N2O emission, especially when using organic amendments with high N decomposition potential, and yield penalty must be managed.

中文翻译:

有机种植实践作为瑞士可持续替代方案的生物物理潜力

摘要 关于在区域范围内采用有机农业来减少农业温室气体 (GHG) 排放的潜力知之甚少。我们模拟了有机质添加(粪肥和堆肥)对瑞士所有农田土壤的影响,同时减少耕作和冬季覆盖作物。DayCent 模型在 1991-2013 年期间运行,通过考虑土壤、土地利用和气候等因素来评估替代做法。将仅使用化肥的传统种植转变为有机种植导致区域土壤温室气体排放量减少 0.34–1.10 Mg CO2-eq ha−1 yr−1。土壤有机碳 (SOC) 库增加了 104-259 kg C ha-1 yr-1,占温室气体减排量的 86-100%。采用减少耕作或覆盖作物的有机做法将 SOC 储量增加到 433 kg C ha−1 yr−1。我们的结果表明,替代做法可以逆转传统土壤中 C 的下降,预计为 -241 kg C ha-1 yr-1。有机实践结合减少耕作或覆盖作物对 N2O 排放有不同的影响,从 -0.60 kg N ha-1 yr-1 的平均减少到 0.29 kg N ha-1 yr-1 的增加。模型结果表明需要通过仔细组合替代实践来提供更持久的缓解措施。此外,还必须管理诸如 N2O 排放增加等风险,尤其是在使用具有高 N 分解潜力的有机添加物时,以及产量损失。预测为−241 kg C ha−1 yr−1。有机实践结合减少耕作或覆盖作物对 N2O 排放有不同的影响,从 -0.60 kg N ha-1 yr-1 的平均减少到 0.29 kg N ha-1 yr-1 的增加。模型结果表明需要通过仔细组合替代实践来提供更持久的缓解措施。此外,还必须管理诸如 N2O 排放增加等风险,尤其是在使用具有高 N 分解潜力的有机添加物时,以及产量损失。预测为−241 kg C ha−1 yr−1。有机实践结合减少耕作或覆盖作物对 N2O 排放有不同的影响,从 -0.60 kg N ha-1 yr-1 的平均减少到 0.29 kg N ha-1 yr-1 的增加。模型结果表明需要通过仔细组合替代实践来提供更持久的缓解措施。此外,还必须管理诸如 N2O 排放增加等风险,尤其是在使用具有高 N 分解潜力的有机添加物时,以及产量损失。模型结果表明需要通过仔细组合替代实践来提供更持久的缓解措施。此外,还必须管理诸如 N2O 排放增加等风险,尤其是在使用具有高 N 分解潜力的有机添加物时,以及产量损失。模型结果表明需要通过仔细组合替代实践来提供更持久的缓解措施。此外,还必须管理诸如 N2O 排放增加等风险,尤其是在使用具有高 N 分解潜力的有机添加物时,以及产量损失。
更新日期:2020-05-01
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