Unlike many vitamins derived predominantly from food sources, vitamin D is produced endogenously in the skin upon exposure to sunlight. Ethnicity, skin pigmentation, socioeconomic status, geographic location, climate and sunscreen; all of these factors contribute to the amount of insolation for any given individual. Insufficient insolation creates the prerequisites for vitamin D deficiency. This is particularly true in HIV-infected individuals, who are highly vulnerable to vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency, as it plays a huge role in the musculoskeletal and cardiovascular systems. Antiretroviral therapy may also be a factor in vitamin D deficiency. Today, as the issues of preventing common skeletal and non-skeletal diseases with HIV-infected people are becoming highly relevant, the maintenance of vitamin D levels through exposure to sunlight or supplementation appears to be an effective and safe solution. This review focuses on studies concerning the potential role of vitamin D supplementation through adequate sunlight exposure or dietary intake in HIV-infected people. The biology and epidemiology of HIV infection, as well as the issues related to vitamin D deficiency, its status on immune function, the effect of vitamin D against HIV disease progression and other health aspects of this vitamin, are briefly explained.

中文翻译：

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日光照射和补充维生素D对HIV患者的影响。

与许多主要来自食物的维生素不同，维生素D在阳光下会在皮肤内源性产生。种族，皮肤色素沉着，社会经济地位，地理位置，气候和防晒霜；所有这些因素都会导致任何给定个人的日晒量。日晒不足是维生素D缺乏的前提条件。这在极易遭受维生素D缺乏/缺乏的HIV感染者中尤其如此，因为它在肌肉骨骼和心血管系统中起着巨大的作用。抗逆转录病毒疗法也可能是维生素D缺乏症的一个因素。如今，随着艾滋病毒感染者预防常见的骨骼和非骨骼疾病的问题变得越来越重要，通过暴露在阳光下或补充维生素D来维持维生素D的水平似乎是一种有效且安全的解决方案。这篇综述的重点是关于在受HIV感染的人群中通过适当的日光照射或饮食摄入来补充维生素D的潜在作用的研究。简要解释了HIV感染的生物学和流行病学，以及与维生素D缺乏症，其对免疫功能的状态，维生素D对HIV疾病进展的影响以及该维生素的其他健康方面有关的问题。