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Information and Communication Theoretical Understanding and Treatment of Spinal Cord Injuries: State-of-the-art and Research Challenges
arXiv - CS - Emerging Technologies Pub Date : 2020-03-26 , DOI: arxiv-2003.11864
Ozgur B. Akan, Hamideh Ramezani, Meltem Civas, Oktay Cetinkaya, Bilgesu A. Bilgin, Naveed A. Abbasi

Among the various key networks in the human body, the nervous system occupies central importance. The debilitating effects of spinal cord injuries (SCI) impact a significant number of people throughout the world, and to date, there is no satisfactory method to treat them. In this paper, we review the major treatment techniques for SCI that include promising solutions based on information and communication technology (ICT) and identify the key characteristics of such systems. We then introduce two novel ICT-based treatment approaches for SCI. The first proposal is based on neural interface systems (NIS) with enhanced feedback, where the external machines are interfaced with the brain and the spinal cord such that the brain signals are directly routed to the limbs for movement. The second proposal relates to the design of self-organizing artificial neurons (ANs) that can be used to replace the injured or dead biological neurons. Apart from SCI treatment, the proposed methods may also be utilized as enabling technologies for neural interface applications by acting as bio-cyber interfaces between the nervous system and machines. Furthermore, under the framework of Internet of Bio- Nano Things (IoBNT), experience gained from SCI treatment techniques can be transferred to nano communication research to develop intra-body applications, including remote monitoring of the body and automatized targeted drug delivery.

中文翻译:

脊髓损伤的信息和通信理论理解和治疗:最新技术和研究挑战

在人体的各种关键网络中,神经系统占据中心地位。脊髓损伤 (SCI) 的衰弱影响影响了全世界很多人,迄今为止,还没有令人满意的治疗方法。在本文中,我们回顾了 SCI 的主要治疗技术,包括基于信息和通信技术 (ICT) 的有前景的解决方案,并确定了此类系统的关键特征。然后,我们介绍了两种基于 ICT 的新型 SCI 治疗方法。第一个提议基于具有增强反馈的神经接口系统 (NIS),其中外部机器与大脑和脊髓连接,从而将大脑信号直接路由到四肢进行运动。第二个提案涉及自组织人工神经元 (AN) 的设计,可用于替换受伤或死亡的生物神经元。除了 SCI 治疗外,所提出的方法还可以用作神经接口应用的使能技术,通过充当神经系统和机器之间的生物网络接口。此外,在生物纳米物联网(IoBNT)的框架下,从 SCI 治疗技术中获得的经验可以转移到纳米通信研究中,以开发体内应用,包括身体的远程监测和自动化靶向给药。通过充当神经系统和机器之间的生物网络接口,所提出的方法也可以用作神经接口应用的使能技术。此外,在生物纳米物联网(IoBNT)的框架下,从 SCI 治疗技术中获得的经验可以转移到纳米通信研究中,以开发体内应用,包括身体的远程监测和自动化靶向给药。通过充当神经系统和机器之间的生物网络接口,所提出的方法也可以用作神经接口应用的使能技术。此外,在生物纳米物联网(IoBNT)的框架下,从 SCI 治疗技术中获得的经验可以转移到纳米通信研究中,以开发体内应用,包括身体的远程监测和自动化靶向给药。
更新日期:2020-03-28
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