In bottom–up self-assembly, DNA nanotechnology plays a vital role in the development of novel materials and promises to revolutionize nanoscale manufacturing technologies. DNA shapes exhibit many versatile characteristics, such as their addressability and programmability, which can be used for determining the organization of nanoparticles. Furthermore, the precise design of DNA tiles and origami provides a promising technique to synthesize various complex desired architectures. These nanoparticle-based structures with targeted organizations open the possibility to specific applications in sensing, optics, catalysis, among others. Here we review progress in the development and design of DNA shapes for the self-assembly of nanoparticles and discuss the broad range of applications for these architectures.

在自下而上的自组装中，DNA纳米技术在新型材料的开发中起着至关重要的作用，并有望彻底改变纳米级制造技术。DNA形状具有许多通用特性，例如可寻址性和可编程性，可用于确定纳米粒子的组织。此外，DNA瓷砖和折纸的精确设计为合成各种复杂的所需结构提供了一种有前途的技术。这些具有针对性组织的基于纳米颗粒的结构为传感，光学，催化等方面的特定应用打开了可能性。在这里，我们回顾了用于纳米粒子自组装的DNA形状的开发和设计的进展，并讨论了这些体系结构的广泛应用。