Antimicrobial resistance is a complex global health challenge today. Discovery and development of new natural alternates with novel targets is utmost priority. In this experiment, alternative antibiotic agents in the form of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) and Achillea millefolium L. extracts were evaluated for antibacterial and antioxidant activity. The SNPs were synthesized using aqueous, ethanol and methanol extracts of A. millefolium and were monitored by a color change and UV–vis spectroscopy. The size and shape of the nanoparticles were determined through scanning electron microscopy and phase was assessed through X-ray diffraction. The SNPs were shown to have an average diameter of 20.77, 18.53 and 14.27 nm with spherical, rectangular and cubical shapes, synthesized from aqueous, ethanol and methanol extract respectively. The response of biomolecules present in plant extract during the formation of SNPs was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, showing polyphenols, proteins, carboxylic acid and alcohol are involved in the formation of SNPs. The plant extracts and SNPs were then studied for their antibacterial potential against common human pathogens such as gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) and gram-negative bacteria (Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), displaying a very good activity against both types of bacteria. The Methanol-SNPs exhibit greater inhibition of DPPH radicals with IC₅₀ 7.03 ± 0.31 μg/mL. This green method of synthesis of SNPs would support the production of SNPs with considerably boosted antibacterial and antioxidant properties and significantly enhanced therapeutic performance.

如今，抗菌素耐药性是一项复杂的全球健康挑战。发现和开发具有新颖目标的新自然替代品是当务之急。在该实验中，评估了以银纳米颗粒（SNPs）和A粉提取物形式存在的替代抗生素剂的抗菌和抗氧化活性。使用A. millefolium的水，乙醇和甲醇提取物合成SNP并通过颜色变化和紫外可见光谱进行监测。通过扫描电子显微镜确定纳米颗粒的尺寸和形状，并通过X射线衍射评估相。SNPs的平均直径分别为20.77、18.53和14.27 nm，具有球形，矩形和立方体形状，分别由水，乙醇和甲醇提取物合成。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱分析了植物提取物中存在的生物分子对SNP的响应，结果表明多酚，蛋白质，羧酸和醇参与了SNP的形成。然后研究植物提取物和SNP对常见人类病原体（如革兰氏阳性细菌（金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）和革兰氏阴性菌（肠沙门氏菌，大肠杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌（Pseudomonas aeruginosa）），对两种细菌都表现出很好的活性。甲醇-SNP对DPPH自由基的抑制作用更大，IC _50为7.03±0.31μg/ mL。这种绿色的SNP合成方法将支持具有增强的抗菌和抗氧化特性并显着增强的治疗性能的SNP的生产。