Abstract An environment-friendly, cheap method, biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is interesting as compared to physical and chemical synthesis methods. The aim of the present study was to utilize the inherent capability of Yarrowia lipolytica as a novel biocatalyst for green production of AgNPs using different strategies, including growing cells, resting cells, and cell-free extracts (CFE) under optimized reaction conditions. The produced AgNPs were evaluated with UV–vis spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. In the growing cells strategy, Y. lipolytica produced spherical AgNPs under the optimized conditions, 2.5 mM of silver ions, 7.5 g/l of yeast biomass, a temperature of 30 °C, a pH of 6, and a shaking rate of 50 rpm after 48 h. The sizes and monodispersity of the AgNPs in the resting cells strategy were better than those in the other two. However, the AgNPs were produced faster in the CFE strategy. The antibacterial activity and minimal inhibitory concentration of the AgNPs against certain Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were determined by the agar well diffusion and broth microdilution methods. The AgNPs had a considerable antibacterial effect compared to chloramphenicol as a broad-spectrum antibiotic.

中文翻译：

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使用解脂耶氏酵母清洁合成银纳米粒子的不同策略及其抗菌活性的开发和评估

摘要 与物理和化学合成方法相比，银纳米粒子 (AgNPs) 的生物合成是一种环保、廉价的方法。本研究的目的是利用解脂耶氏酵母 (Yarrowia lipolytica) 作为一种新型生物催化剂，使用不同策略（包括在优化的反应条件下生长细胞、静息细胞和无细胞提取物 (CFE)）来绿色生产 AgNPs 的固有能力。使用紫外-可见光谱、场发射扫描电子显微镜、能量色散 X 射线分析、X 射线衍射和傅里叶变换红外光谱法对生成的 AgNP 进行评估。在细胞生长策略中，解脂耶氏酵母在优化条件、2.5 mM 银离子、7.5 g/l 酵母生物质、30 °C 温度、pH 6、48 小时后以 50 rpm 的速度振荡。静息细胞策略中 AgNPs 的大小和单分散性优于其他两种策略。然而，在 CFE 策略中，AgNPs 的生产速度更快。AgNPs 对某些革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌的抗菌活性和最小抑制浓度通过琼脂井扩散和肉汤微量稀释方法确定。与氯霉素作为广谱抗生素相比，AgNPs 具有相当大的抗菌作用。AgNPs 对某些革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌的抗菌活性和最小抑制浓度通过琼脂井扩散和肉汤微量稀释方法确定。与氯霉素作为广谱抗生素相比，AgNPs 具有相当大的抗菌作用。AgNPs 对某些革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌的抗菌活性和最小抑制浓度通过琼脂井扩散和肉汤微量稀释方法确定。与氯霉素作为广谱抗生素相比，AgNPs 具有相当大的抗菌作用。