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Delivering Drinking Water by Truck in Humanitarian Contexts: Results from Mixed-Methods Evaluations in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Bangladesh.
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-08 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b07375
Mustafa Sikder 1 , Patrick Mirindi 1 , Gabrielle String 1 , Daniele Lantagne 1
Affiliation  

Water trucking is a commonly implemented, but severely under-researched, drinking water supply intervention in humanitarian response. To fill this research gap, we conducted three mixed-methods water trucking program evaluations in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Bangladesh, including interviews, water point observations, household surveys, focus groups, and water quality testing. Results indicated that the programs had complex implementation structures involving multiple agencies and limited infrastructure to properly collect, treat, and deliver water. All programs met queueing time and distance indicators, did not meet water quantity indicators, and inconsistently met water quality indicators. Free chlorine residual (FCR) declined through the water chain, and household water Escherichia coli concentrations were associated with household FCR, receiving behavior change messages, storage container type, and distance from the distribution point. Users appreciated water trucking, especially compared to previous water sources, and expressed desires for increased quantity, improved quality, and consistent delivery. If water trucking programs are implemented, it is recommended to have the financial resources to install sanitary collection and distribution infrastructure, establish a management team of all implementation partners, ensure sufficient water quantity is delivered, ensure recommended FCR levels at distribution points, monitor FCR throughout distribution, and complete behavior change communication activities about the program and safe water storage with users.

中文翻译:

在人道主义背景下用卡车运送饮用水:刚果民主共和国和孟加拉国混合方法评估的结果。

运水是在人道主义应急中普遍采用的,但研究严重不足的饮用水供应干预措施。为了填补这一研究空白,我们在刚果民主共和国和孟加拉国进行了三种混合方法的水运计划评估,包括访谈,水位观察,住户调查,焦点小组和水质测试。结果表明,这些计划具有复杂的实施结构,涉及多个机构,并且基础设施有限,无法正确收集,处理和输送水。所有程序都符合排队时间和距离指标,不符合水量指标,并且不一致地达到水质指标。整个水链中的游离氯残留量(FCR)下降,和家庭用水中的大肠杆菌浓度与家庭FCR,接收到的行为更改消息,存储容器类型以及与分配点的距离有关。用户赞赏水运,尤其是与以前的水源相比,并表达了对增加数量,提高质量和稳定交付的渴望。如果实施了运水计划,建议拥有财力来安装卫生收集和分配基础设施,建立所有实施伙伴的管理团队,确保提供足够的水量,确保分配点的建议FCR水平,并在整个过程中监控FCR分发以及完整的行为更改了有关该程序的通信活动以及与用户的安全用水存储。接收行为更改消息,存储容器类型以及与分发点的距离。用户赞赏水运,尤其是与以前的水源相比,并表达了对增加数量,提高质量和稳定交付的渴望。如果实施了运水计划,建议拥有财力来安装卫生收集和分配基础设施,建立所有实施伙伴的管理团队,确保提供足够的水量,确保分配点的建议FCR水平,并在整个过程中监控FCR分发以及完整的行为更改了有关该程序的通信活动以及与用户的安全用水存储。接收行为更改消息,存储容器类型以及与分发点的距离。用户赞赏水运,尤其是与以前的水源相比,并表达了对增加数量,提高质量和稳定交付的渴望。如果实施了运水计划,建议拥有财力来安装卫生收集和分配基础设施,建立所有实施伙伴的管理团队,确保提供足够的水量,确保分配点的建议FCR水平,并在整个过程中监控FCR分发以及完整的行为更改了有关该程序的通信活动以及与用户的安全用水存储。尤其是与以前的水源相比,并表达了对增加数量,提高质量和稳定输送的渴望。如果实施了运水计划,建议拥有财力来安装卫生收集和分配基础设施,建立所有实施伙伴的管理团队,确保提供足够的水量,确保分配点的建议FCR水平,并在整个过程中监控FCR分发以及完整的行为更改了有关该程序的通信活动以及与用户的安全用水存储。尤其是与以前的水源相比,并表达了对增加数量,提高质量和稳定输送的渴望。如果实施了运水计划,建议拥有财力来安装卫生收集和分配基础设施,建立所有实施伙伴的管理团队,确保提供足够的水量,确保分配点的建议FCR水平,并在整个过程中监控FCR分发以及完整的行为更改了有关该程序的通信活动以及与用户的安全用水存储。
更新日期:2020-04-23
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