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Germ cell-intrinsic effects of sex chromosomes on early oocyte differentiation in mice.
PLOS Genetics ( IF 4.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-26 , DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008676
Norio Hamada 1, 2 , Nobuhiko Hamazaki 1 , So Shimamoto 1 , Orie Hikabe 1 , Go Nagamatsu 1 , Yuki Takada 1 , Kiyoko Kato 2 , Katsuhiko Hayashi 1
Affiliation  

A set of sex chromosomes is required for gametogenesis in both males and females, as represented by sex chromosome disorders causing agametic phenotypes. Although studies using model animals have investigated the functional requirement of sex chromosomes, involvement of these chromosomes in gametogenesis remains elusive. Here, we elicit a germ cell-intrinsic effect of sex chromosomes on oogenesis, using a novel culture system in which oocytes were induced from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) harboring XX, XO or XY. In the culture system, oogenesis using XO and XY ESCs was severely disturbed, with XY ESCs being more strongly affected. The culture system revealed multiple defects in the oogenesis of XO and XY ESCs, such as delayed meiotic entry and progression, and mispairing of the homologous chromosomes. Interestingly, Eif2s3y, a Y-linked gene that promotes proliferation of spermatogonia, had an inhibitory effect on oogenesis. This led us to the concept that male and female gametogenesis appear to be in mutual conflict at an early stage. This study provides a deeper understanding of oogenesis under a sex-reversal condition.

中文翻译:

性染色体对生殖细胞的内在作用对小鼠早期卵母细胞分化的影响。

男性和女性的配子发生都需要一组性染色体,以引起配子异型的性染色体疾病为代表。尽管使用模型动物进行的研究已经调查了性染色体的功能需求,但这些染色体在配子发生中的作用仍然难以捉摸。在这里,我们使用一种新型培养系统,从具有XX,XO或XY的胚胎干细胞(ESC)诱导卵母细胞中,引发性染色体对生殖器的内在作用。在培养系统中,严重干扰了使用XO和XY ESC的卵子发生,而对XY ESC的影响更大。该培养系统揭示了XO和XY ESC卵子发生中的多个缺陷,例如减数分裂的进入和进程延迟,以及同源染色体的配对错误。有趣的是,Eif2s3y 促进精原细胞增殖的Y连锁基因对卵子发生有抑制作用。这使我们想到了男性和女性配子发生在早期似乎相互冲突的概念。这项研究提供了对性别反转条件下卵子发生的更深入的了解。
更新日期:2020-04-06
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