This article addresses the following research question: How to compute no-wait schedules and multipath routings for large-scale time-sensitive networks (TSNs)? TSN must guarantee low latency and fault tolerance. The former requirement is achieved by sending the messages according to a no-wait schedule, whereas the latter is achieved by routing each message through multiple streams of disjoint paths. Computing such schedule and routing is an NP-hard problem. In this article, the aforementioned question is addressed by a three-fold solution: An iterated integer linear programming based scheduling (IIS) technique for scalability; the Degree of Conflict (DoC) between the IIS iterations is minimized by the DoC-aware streams partitioning (DASP) technique, which improves the success rate of the IIS; the fault-tolerance is guaranteed by a DoC-aware multipath routing technique, which integrates the DASP for further improvement in the success rate. Two hundred synthetic test cases are used for performance evaluation. The proposed method scales well, i.e., it handled networks of 21 bridges and 480 messages under 40 min timeout. The success rate of the highly utilized instances raised from 47% by random streams partitioning to 90% by the proposed method.

中文翻译：

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时间敏感网络中时间触发流量的路由和调度

本文解决以下研究问题： 如何为大型时间敏感网络（TSN）计算无等待时间表和多路径路由？TSN必须保证低延迟和容错能力。前者的要求是通过按照无等待时间表发送消息来实现的，而后者是通过将多个不相交的路径流路由每个消息来实现的。计算这样的调度和路由是一个NP难题。本文通过三个解决方案解决了上述问题：一种用于可伸缩性的基于迭代整数线性规划的调度（IIS）技术；借助DoC感知的流分区（DASP）技术将IIS迭代之间的冲突程度（DoC）最小化，从而提高了IIS的成功率；通过DoC感知的多路径路由技术保证了容错能力，该技术集成了DASP，可以进一步提高成功率。200个综合测试用例用于性能评估。所提出的方法可以很好地扩展，即在40分钟的超时时间内处理了21个网桥和480条消息的网络。高利用率实例的成功率从随机流划分的47％提高到了所提出方法的90％。