Differential synthetic aperture radar tomography (D-TomoSAR) has proven an effective method for retrieving the elevations and deformations of both terrains and urban infrastructures. Particularly, D-TomoSAR with high-resolution X-band SAR data provides even higher accuracy for monitoring of deformations of the man-made structures. However, higher frequency increases the sensitivity of the system to the minute deformations causing a mismatch with the conventional linear deformation model. Currently, the traditional D-TomoSAR system has been extended to higher order versions to extract the seasonal deformation caused by the thermal dilation of structures. Nevertheless, the accelerated motion of scatterers representing another minute deformation component was neglected. As a result, the current D-TomoSAR model cannot accurately retrieve the linear, seasonal, and accelerated motions of the scatterers at the same time. In this letter, a generalized D-TomoSAR system model is proposed by a combination of the polynomial and the seasonal deformation model. Then, an effective algorithm for simultaneously retrieving the multiple deformation components based on the quasi-maximum likelihood (QML) technology is proposed. Finally, numerical simulations and experimental results with real data verify the effectiveness of the proposed system model and algorithm.

中文翻译：

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使用广义差分 SAR 层析成像技术监测基础设施的季节性变形和加速运动

差分合成孔径雷达断层扫描 (D-TomoSAR) 已被证明是一种有效的方法，可用于检索地形和城市基础设施的高程和变形。特别是具有高分辨率 X 波段 SAR 数据的 D-TomoSAR 为监测人造结构的变形提供了更高的精度。然而，更高的频率会增加系统对微小变形的敏感性，从而导致与传统线性变形模型不匹配。目前，传统的D-TomoSAR系统已经扩展到高阶版本，以提取结构热膨胀引起的季节性变形。然而，代表另一个微小变形分量的散射体的加速运动被忽略了。因此，目前的 D-TomoSAR 模型无法准确地检索线性、季节性和同时加速的散射体运动。在这封信中，通过多项式和季节性变形模型的结合，提出了一种广义的D-TomoSAR系统模型。然后，提出了一种基于准最大似然（QML）技术的同时检索多个变形分量的有效算法。最后，数值模拟和真实数据的实验结果验证了所提出的系统模型和算法的有效性。提出了一种基于准最大似然(QML)技术的同时检索多个变形分量的有效算法。最后，数值模拟和真实数据的实验结果验证了所提出的系统模型和算法的有效性。提出了一种基于准最大似然(QML)技术的同时检索多个变形分量的有效算法。最后，数值模拟和真实数据的实验结果验证了所提出的系统模型和算法的有效性。