The real-time simulation based on the field programmable gate array (FPGA) is receiving more and more attention. However, up to now, the simulation scale for the power electronic system is not so satisfactory due to the real-time requirement and the FPGA resource limitation. This paper proposes a sub-microsecond level real-time simulation method for microgrids. The power converters are modeled with fixed-admittance models and simulated with a compact electromagnetic transients program (EMTP) algorithm. In the meanwhile, the distribution lines/cables are modeled with π-circuit models and simulated with a distributed circuit solution method, called the latency insertion method (LIM). As a result, the distribution generation (DG) systems are decoupled with each other and can be simulated in parallel. The case study shows that the proposed simulation method consumes much fewer FPGA resources compared with the traditional one. Besides, the time step can be much smaller and doesn't need to increase with the simulation scale. With these advantages, the real-time simulation of a microgrid consisting of three three-phase converters, three boost circuits and 21 three-phase lines can be achieved on the Xilinx Kintex-7 410T FPGA with a minmum time-step of 380 ns.

中文翻译：

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基于 FPGA 的微电网亚微秒级实时仿真，采用网络解耦算法

基于现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）的实时仿真越来越受到重视。然而，由于实时性要求和FPGA资源限制，电力电子系统的仿真规模目前还不能令人满意。本文提出了一种亚微秒级的微电网实时仿真方法。电源转换器使用固定导纳模型进行建模，并使用紧凑型电磁瞬变程序 (EMTP) 算法进行仿真。同时，配电线路/电缆采用 π 电路模型建模，并采用分布式电路求解方法进行仿真，称为延迟插入方法 (LIM)。因此，配电生成 (DG) 系统彼此解耦，可以并行仿真。案例研究表明，与传统方法相比，所提出的仿真方法消耗的 FPGA 资源要少得多。此外，时间步长可以小得多，不需要随着模拟规模的增加而增加。凭借这些优势，可以在 Xilinx Kintex-7 410T FPGA 上以 380 ns 的最小时间步长对由三个三相转换器、三个升压电路和 21 条三相线路组成的微电网进行实时仿真。