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An Efficient Range-Doppler Domain ISAR Imaging Approach for Rapidly Spinning Targets
IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing ( IF 7.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 , DOI: 10.1109/tgrs.2019.2953303
Xiaoheng Tan , Zhijun Yang , Dong Li , Hongqing Liu , Guisheng Liao , Yang Wu , Yuchuan Liu

Owing to the large range cell migration (RCM) and fast time-variant Doppler frequency modulation (DFM) generated by rapidly spinning targets, it is difficult to efficiently obtain well-focused inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) images via conventional algorithms because of the multidimensional search requirement. Inspired by the inherent azimuth spatial invariance in strip-map synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging mode, an efficient range-Doppler domain ISAR imaging method for rapidly spinning targets is proposed in this article. First, echo signal is transformed into range-Doppler domain and its precise analytical expression is derived according to the principle of stationary phase (POSP). Second, the energy of scatterers distributed in different range cells is extracted along the rotating radius. By doing so, the energy is concentrated in the same range cell. After that, the high-order phase terms of the signal are compensated and the CLEAN technique is also applied to reduce the sidelobes of a strong scatterer. Finally, 3-D ISAR image of the spinning target is reconstructed by projecting the spatial parameters to 3-D cylindrical coordinates. Furthermore, in this article, the output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gain, anti-noise performance, the mismatched phase error, and the computational complexity analyses are also provided. Compared with existing approaches, the proposed method has advantages in the computational complexity and low SNR environment thanks to the only 1-D search and the coherent integration gain obtained. Both the theoretical derivations and the simulated results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

中文翻译:

一种用于快速旋转目标的有效距离多普勒域 ISAR 成像方法

由于快速旋转目标产生的大距离单元迁移(RCM)和快速时变多普勒频率调制(DFM),通过传统算法难以有效地获得聚焦良好的逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)图像,因为多维搜索需求。受带状图合成孔径雷达(SAR)成像模式固有的方位角空间不变性的启发,本文提出了一种用于快速旋转目标的有效距离多普勒域ISAR成像方法。首先,将回波信号转换到距离多普勒域,并根据平稳相位原理(POSP)推导出其精确的解析表达式。其次,沿着旋转半径提取分布在不同距离单元中的散射体的能量。通过这样做,能量集中在同一个范围内。之后,对信号的高阶相位项进行补偿,并应用 CLEAN 技术来减少强散射体的旁瓣。最后,通过将空间参数投影到 3-D 柱坐标来重建旋转目标的 3-D ISAR 图像。此外,本文还提供了输出信噪比 (SNR) 增益、抗噪性能、失配相位误差和计算复杂度分析。与现有方法相比,由于仅进行一维搜索和获得相干积分增益,所提出的方法在计算复杂度和低信噪比环境方面具有优势。理论推导和仿真结果都证明了所提出方法的有效性。之后,对信号的高阶相位项进行补偿,并应用 CLEAN 技术来减少强散射体的旁瓣。最后,通过将空间参数投影到 3-D 柱坐标来重建旋转目标的 3-D ISAR 图像。此外,本文还提供了输出信噪比 (SNR) 增益、抗噪性能、失配相位误差和计算复杂度分析。与现有方法相比,由于仅进行一维搜索和获得相干积分增益,所提出的方法在计算复杂度和低信噪比环境方面具有优势。理论推导和仿真结果都证明了所提出方法的有效性。之后,对信号的高阶相位项进行补偿,并应用 CLEAN 技术来减少强散射体的旁瓣。最后,通过将空间参数投影到 3-D 柱坐标来重建旋转目标的 3-D ISAR 图像。此外,本文还提供了输出信噪比 (SNR) 增益、抗噪性能、失配相位误差和计算复杂度分析。与现有方法相比,由于仅进行一维搜索和获得相干积分增益,所提出的方法在计算复杂度和低信噪比环境方面具有优势。理论推导和仿真结果都证明了所提出方法的有效性。信号的高阶相位项得到补偿,并且还应用了 CLEAN 技术来减少强散射体的旁瓣。最后,通过将空间参数投影到 3-D 柱坐标来重建旋转目标的 3-D ISAR 图像。此外,本文还提供了输出信噪比 (SNR) 增益、抗噪性能、失配相位误差和计算复杂度分析。与现有方法相比,由于仅进行一维搜索和获得相干积分增益,所提出的方法在计算复杂度和低信噪比环境方面具有优势。理论推导和仿真结果都证明了所提出方法的有效性。信号的高阶相位项得到补偿,并且还应用了 CLEAN 技术来减少强散射体的旁瓣。最后,通过将空间参数投影到 3-D 柱坐标来重建旋转目标的 3-D ISAR 图像。此外,本文还提供了输出信噪比 (SNR) 增益、抗噪性能、失配相位误差和计算复杂度分析。与现有方法相比,由于仅进行一维搜索和获得相干积分增益,所提出的方法在计算复杂度和低信噪比环境方面具有优势。理论推导和仿真结果都证明了所提出方法的有效性。
更新日期:2020-04-01
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