Practical and accurate estimation of 3-D wind fields is an ongoing challenge in radar meteorology. Multistatic (single transmitter/multiple receivers) radar architectures offer a cost-effective solution for obtaining the multiple Doppler measurements necessary to achieve such estimates. Existing multistatic weather radars, while less costly than comparable monostatic networks, have been constrained by the need for specialized equipment and software to perform frequency and pulse timing synchronization with the transmitting radar. This article describes the implementation of a passive radar network that performs pulse timing and carrier frequency synchronization through measurements of the sidelobe radiation of the transmitting radar. This makes it possible for the receiver modules to be constructed with minimal size and cost, and it allows for their use in coordination with any in-band transmitter capable of recording time-stamped pointing angle information. A prototype network consisting of two passive receivers has been constructed in the Oklahoma City, OK, USA. Weather observations collected using the radiation from a WSR-88D have been used to validate the accuracy of velocity measurements obtained through this technique.

中文翻译：

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低成本多基地无源天气雷达网络的发展

3-D 风场的实用和准确估计是雷达气象学中一个持续的挑战。多基地（单发射机/多接收机）雷达架构为获得实现此类估计所需的多次多普勒测量提供了一种经济高效的解决方案。现有的多基地气象雷达虽然比可比的单基地网络成本低，但由于需要专用设备和软件来与发射雷达执行频率和脉冲定时同步，因此受到限制。本文介绍了无源雷达网络的实现，该网络通过测量发射雷达的旁瓣辐射来执行脉冲定时和载波频率同步。这使得以最小的尺寸和成本构建接收器模块成为可能，它允许它们与任何能够记录带时间戳的指向角度信息的带内发射器配合使用。由两个无源接收器组成的原型网络已在美国俄克拉荷马城建造。使用来自 WSR-88D 的辐射收集的天气观测已被用于验证通过该技术获得的速度测量的准确性。