Piping systems constitute the most vulnerable component in down- and mid-stream facilities posing immediate threat to human lives, communities financial robustness and environment. Pipe racks present several mechanical and geometrical idiosyncrasies compared to common buildings and the seismic response is governed by the pipework layout. Important design requirements e.g. dynamic interaction between pipelines and supporting structure are commonly overlooked during pipe racks design process and uncertainties relevant to modelling of soil or seismic input are not quantified. In the present work, after reviewing the technical literature and codes, a 3D RC rack was used as a testbed and analysed as coupled and decoupled with a non-seismic code conforming piping system accounting for soil–structure interaction. Incremental dynamic analysis was adopted as an assessment methodology for deriving fragility curves considering ground motions in near- and far-field conditions. It was deduced that the modelling (boundary conditions of pipes) was the most considerable uncertainty since it increased the probability of collapse limit state of structural members from 0 to 59%. It was also demonstrated that soil deformability as well as source conditions altered considerably the dispersion of intensity measure conditional on engineering demand parameter of structural and nonstructural members. The results may be another indication that code provisions should be more normative regarding industrial pipe racks.

中文翻译：

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考虑土-结构相互作用的管架-管道系统的地震易损性

管道系统是下游和中游设施中最脆弱的部分，对人类生命，社区的财务稳健性和环境构成直接威胁。与普通建筑物相比，管架呈现出几种机械和几何特性，并且地震响应由管道布置控制。在管架设计过程中，通常会忽略重要的设计要求，例如管道与支撑结构之间的动态相互作用，并且无法量化与土壤或地震输入模型相关的不确定性。在目前的工作中，在回顾了技术文献和规范后，将3D RC机架用作试验台，并与考虑土-结构相互作用的非地震规范管道系统进行了耦合和解耦。考虑到近场和远场条件下的地面运动，采用增量动力分析作为评估易损性曲线的评估方法。可以推断，建模（管道的边界条件）是最可观的不确定性，因为它使结构构件的塌陷极限状态的可能性从0增加到59％。研究还表明，土壤变形性和源条件极大地改变了强度测量值的离散度，而强度测量值的离散度取决于结构构件和非结构构件的工程需求参数。结果可能再次表明，有关工业管架的规范规定应更具规范性。可以推断，建模（管道的边界条件）是最可观的不确定性，因为它使结构构件的塌陷极限状态的可能性从0增加到59％。研究还表明，土壤变形性和源条件极大地改变了强度测量值的离散度，而强度测量值的离散度取决于结构构件和非结构构件的工程需求参数。结果可能再次表明，有关工业管架的规范规定应更具规范性。可以推断，建模（管道的边界条件）是最可观的不确定性，因为它使结构构件的塌陷极限状态的可能性从0增加到59％。研究还表明，土壤变形性和源条件极大地改变了强度测量值的离散度，而强度测量值的离散度取决于结构构件和非结构构件的工程需求参数。结果可能再次表明，有关工业管架的规范规定应更具规范性。研究还表明，土壤变形性和源条件极大地改变了强度测量值的离散度，而强度测量值的离散度取决于结构构件和非结构构件的工程需求参数。结果可能再次表明，有关工业管架的规范规定应更具规范性。研究还表明，土壤变形性和源条件极大地改变了强度测量值的离散度，而强度测量值的离散度取决于结构构件和非结构构件的工程需求参数。结果可能再次表明，有关工业管架的规范规定应更具规范性。