Wood is susceptible to swelling deformation and decay fungi due to moisture adsorption that originates from the dynamic nanopores of the cell wall and the abundant hydroxyl groups in wood components. This study employed as a modifier maleic anhydride (MAn), with the help of acetone as solvent, to diffuse into the wood cell wall, bulk nanopores, and further chemically bond to the hydroxyl groups of wood components, reducing the numbers of free hydroxyl groups and weakening the diffusion of water molecules into the wood cell wall. The derived MAn-bulked wood, compared to the control wood, presented a reduction in water absorptivity (RWA) of ~23% as well as an anti-swelling efficiency (ASE) of ~39% after immersion in water for 228 h, and showed an improvement in decay resistance of 81.42% against white-rot fungus and 69.79% against brown-rot fungus, respectively. The method of combined cell wall bulking and hydroxyl group bonding could effectively improve the dimensional stability and decay resistance with lower doses of modifier, providing a new strategy for wood durability improvement.

中文翻译：

---

马来酸酐使细胞壁增厚，提高木材的耐久性

由于水分的吸收，木材易受溶胀变形和腐烂真菌的影响，水分的吸收源自细胞壁的动态纳米孔和木材组分中大量的羟基。这项研究采用改性马来酸酐（MAn），借助丙酮作为溶剂，扩散到木材细胞壁中，形成大量的纳米孔，并进一步化学键合到木材组分的羟基上，从而减少了游离羟基的数量并减弱水分子向木质细胞壁的扩散。与对照木材相比，衍生的MAn块状木材在水中浸泡228小时后，吸水率（RWA）降低约23％，抗溶胀效率（ASE）降低约39％，并且表现出对白腐真菌的抗腐性提高了81.42％，对褐腐真菌的抗腐性提高了69.79％，分别。细胞壁膨化与羟基键合相结合的方法可以有效地提高尺寸稳定性和抗腐烂性，而用量较低的改性剂可以为木材耐久性的提高提供新的策略。