Icing detection of composite insulators is essential for the security and stability of power grids. As conventional methods have met difficulties in harsh weather, a 110 kV composite insulator with embedded Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) was proposed for detecting glaze icing in this paper. FBG temperature compensation sensors in ceramic tubes were adopted for simultaneous measurement of icicle loads and temperature. Then, temperature calibration experiments and simulated icicle load experiments were carried out to obtain temperature and icicle load characteristics of FBGs. The results showed that temperature sensitivities of FBG strain sensors and FBG temperature compensation sensors were 18.16 pm/°C, and 13.18 pm/°C, respectively. Besides, wavelength shifts were linearly related to icicle loads within the polar angle range of -60° to 60°, and the load coefficient of FBG facing the icicle was -34.6 pm/N. In addition, the wavelength shift generated by several icicles was equal to the sum of wavelength shifts generated by each icicle within the polar angle range of -15° to 15°. Finally, icicles can cause wavelength shifts of FBGs within a big shed spacing. The paper provides a novel icing detection technology for composite insulators in transmission lines.

中文翻译：

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用光纤布拉格光栅检测110 kV复合绝缘子结冰的实验研究。

复合绝缘子的结冰检测对于电网的安全性和稳定性至关重要。由于常规方法在恶劣天气中遇到困难，因此本文提出了一种带有嵌入式光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）的110 kV复合绝缘子，用于检测釉面结冰。采用陶瓷管中的FBG温度补偿传感器同时测量冰柱负载和温度。然后，进行温度校准实验和模拟的冰柱载荷实验，以获得FBG的温度和冰柱载荷特性。结果表明，FBG应变传感器和FBG温度补偿传感器的温度敏感度分别为18.16 pm /°C和13.18 pm /°C。此外，在-60°至60°的极角范围内，波长变化与冰柱载荷线性相关，FBG面向冰柱的载荷系数为-34.6 pm / N。另外，在-15°至15°的极角范围内，多个冰柱产生的波长偏移等于每个冰柱产生的波长偏移之和。最后，冰柱可导致大棚间距内FBG的波长偏移。本文为输电线路的复合绝缘子提供了一种新型的结冰检测技术。