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Spatiotemporal distribution of vanadium in the flooding soils mediated by entrained-sediment flow and altitude in the Three Gorges Reservoir.
Science of the Total Environment ( IF 8.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-26 , DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138246
Haijian Bing 1 , Zhilin Zhong 2 , Xiaoxiao Wang 3 , He Zhu 1 , Yanhong Wu 1
Affiliation  

The re-emergence of vanadium (V) as a toxic metal has been highlighted recently due to its long-standing environmental and health hazard. This work targeted the world largest reservoir-Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) to explore the spatial variation of V in the flooding soils from 2014 to 2018; meanwhile, the typical riparian zones with different altitudes and land-uses at the middle reach of the TGR were selected to decipher the key drivers on the V distribution. The results showed that the concentrations of soil V in the mainstream markedly exceeded local background, but they did not vary significantly with time except a marked increase at the upper-middle reaches. Spatially, the concentrations of soil V increased towards the dam, and the increase trend became increasingly significant with time. At the typical riparian zone, the concentrations of soil V decreased strikingly with altitude despite the difference in the land-uses, and a marked change-point occurred at 160-165 m. The soil V dominated by residual fraction, followed by oxidizable and reducible fractions, and then the minimal acid-soluble fraction. The contamination and eco-risk of V in the soils were low with similar spatiotemporal variation to its concentrations. Entrained-sediment flow and particle size rather than pH and organic matters led to the spatiotemporal variation in the distribution of soil V in the mainstream, and the driving effects tended to be more predominant with time. Altitude-regulated alteration of soil properties including particle sizes and iron/manganese (hydr)oxides with different flooding duration dominated the vertical distribution of V over the local land-uses at the riparian zone. Our results reveal the hotspots of V contamination in the riparian soils of the TGR and highlight unceasing focus on the variation in the distribution and dynamic migration of soil V due to its levels out of limits and changing soil conditions.

中文翻译:

三峡水库夹带沉积物流量和海拔高度介导的洪水土壤中钒的时空分布。

钒(V)作为一种有毒金属,由于其长期存在的环境和健康危害,最近被重新强调。这项工作针对的是世界上最大的水库三峡水库(TGR),以探索2014年至2018年洪水土壤中V的空间变化;同时,选择了TGR中游地区不同海拔和土地利用的典型河岸带,以解释V分布的主要驱动力。结果表明,主流土壤中的V含量明显超过了局部背景,但除了中上游显着增加外,它们随时间没有显着变化。在空间上,土壤V的浓度朝向大坝增加,并且随着时间的推移,增加趋势变得越来越明显。在典型的河岸带,尽管土地利用有所不同,但土壤V的浓度却随海拔高度显着下降,并且在160-165 m处出现了明显的变化点。土壤V以残留部分为主,其次是可氧化和可还原部分,然后是最小的酸溶性部分。土壤中V的污染和生态风险低,其浓度时空变化相似。夹带沉积物的流量和粒径而不是pH和有机物导致主流土壤V的分布时空变化,并且随着时间的流逝,驱动作用趋于更加明显。海拔高度变化的土壤特性(包括粒径和不同的淹水持续时间的铁/锰(氢氧化)氧化物)主导着河岸区当地土地利用的垂直垂直分布。我们的研究结果揭示了TGR河岸土壤中V污染的热点,并突出表明了人们对V的分布和动态迁移的不断关注,这是由于其水平超出范围和土壤条件发生了变化。
更新日期:2020-03-27
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