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IL-4 Switches Microglia/macrophage M1/M2 Polarization and Alleviates Neurological Damage by Modulating the JAK1/STAT6 Pathway Following ICH.
Neuroscience ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-26 , DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.03.008
Yang He 1 , Yang Gao 1 , Qiang Zhang 1 , Guiyin Zhou 1 , Fang Cao 1 , Shengtao Yao 1
Affiliation  

Inflammatory damage following ICH is often attributed to microglia/macrophage activation. In many diseases, IL-4 has been proven to switch microglia/macrophages from the pro-inflammatory to the anti-inflammatory subtype. However, the role and underlying mechanism of IL-4 in ICH, especially in neuroprotection, remain unknown. In our study, we constructed a microglia/macrophage polarization model in BV2 cells to verify that the M2 shift of microglia/macrophages was mediated by JAK1/STAT6 after IL-4 treatment and then revealed that in vitro administration of IL-4 decreased M1 markers, pro-inflammatory cytokines and neuroapoptosis markers but significantly increased M2 markers and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Using an ICH model in mice, we observed that IL-4 administration decreased neurological deficits, brain edema and infarct lesions induced by ICH. We verified that IL-4 mediates inflammation by regulating M1/M2 polarization in ICH and explored the underlying mechanism. Furthermore, we discovered that pathway components and apoptosis-related proteins showed consistent trends based on their respective roles, and inferred that the process that TNF-α activates caspase-3 may be the crosstalk that microglia phagocytosis developed into accelerate apoptosis of cells in ICH. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that IL-4 may promote M2 microglia/macrophage polarization partly through the JAK1/STAT6 pathway to alleviate neuroinflammation after ICH.

中文翻译:

IL-4 通过调节 ICH 后的 JAK1/STAT6 通路来切换小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞 M1/M2 极化并减轻神经损伤。

ICH 后的炎症损伤通常归因于小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞的激活。在许多疾病中,IL-4 已被证明可以将小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞从促炎亚型转变为抗炎亚型。然而,IL-4 在 ICH 中的作用和潜在机制,尤其是在神经保护方面,仍然未知。在我们的研究中,我们在 BV2 细胞中构建了小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞极化模型,以验证 IL-4 处理后小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞的 M2 转变是由 JAK1/STAT6 介导的,然后揭示了体外施用 IL-4 降低了 M1 标志物,促炎细胞因子和神经细胞凋亡标志物,但显着增加M2标志物和抗炎细胞因子。在小鼠中使用 ICH 模型,我们观察到 IL-4 给药减少了 ICH 引起的神经功能缺损、脑水肿和梗塞病变。我们验证了 IL-4 通过调节 ICH 中的 M1/M2 极化来介导炎症,并探索了潜在的机制。此外,我们发现通路成分和凋亡相关蛋白根据各自的作用表现出一致的趋势,并推断 TNF-α 激活 caspase-3 的过程可能是小胶质细胞吞噬作用发展为加速 ICH 细胞凋亡的串扰。总之,我们的研究表明,IL-4 可能部分通过 JAK1/STAT6 通路促进 M2 小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞极化,从而减轻 ICH 后的神经炎症。我们发现通路成分和凋亡相关蛋白基于其各自的作用表现出一致的趋势,并推断TNF-α激活caspase-3的过程可能是小胶质细胞吞噬作用发展为加速ICH细胞凋亡的串扰。总之,我们的研究表明,IL-4 可能部分通过 JAK1/STAT6 通路促进 M2 小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞极化,从而减轻 ICH 后的神经炎症。我们发现通路成分和凋亡相关蛋白基于其各自的作用表现出一致的趋势,并推断TNF-α激活caspase-3的过程可能是小胶质细胞吞噬作用发展为加速ICH细胞凋亡的串扰。总之,我们的研究表明,IL-4 可能部分通过 JAK1/STAT6 通路促进 M2 小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞极化,从而减轻 ICH 后的神经炎症。
更新日期:2020-03-26
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